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An international team of astronomers in Washington D.C.announced Wednesday it had successfully captured the first-ever image of a black hole and published it.
   The picture shows the black hole having a dark center，encircled by a bright orange and yellow ring spreading outward.Black holes are areas in space where gravity is so strong that nothing-not even light-can escape them.They are believed to be formed by collapsed（隕落的）stars.The presence of black holes affects the surrounding environment in extreme ways. They are not easy to capture on camera because they are surrounded by thick dust material and extremely hot gases.
   But scientists say they were able to produce the new image from data collected from a series of radio telescopes around the world.Harvard University scientist Sheperd Doeleman，who leads the Event Horizon Telescope （EHT） project，announced the image discovery. "We are delighted to be able to report today that we have seen what we thought was unseeable.We have also taken a picture of it." He explained that the image resulted from a combined effort involving all eight of the EHT radio telescopes working at the same time.It has a mass 6.5 billion times greater than Earth's sun.
   Researchers said that the EHT project created an Earth-sized "virtual telescope" to capture the highest possible image quality.The size and shape of the shadow matches the precise predictions of Einstein's general theory of relativity.
   Sheperd Doeleman said the new image provides the first visual evidence to confirm that theory.It also helps to unlock the mystery of black holes. "We didn't see something that was unexpected.We saw something that really had a ring to it."
   Even though the data was first gathered in 2017，it required a huge effort to produce the image published on Wednesday.

（1）Which is TRUE about the black hole？
D
D

A．It has a dark surface.
B．It consists of thick dust.
C．It is visible o the eye.
D．It swallows everything approaching it.
（2）What does the underlined word "They" in Paragraph 2 refer to？
A
A

A．Black holes.
B．Collapsed stars.
C．Extreme ways.
D．Hot gases.
（3）How did scientists get the image？
A
A

A．By collecting available data.
B．Through the cooperation of radio telescopes.
C．With the help of a huge camera.
D．From Einstein's general theory of relativity.
（4）What does the image discovery contribute to？
A
A

A．Uncovering the secret of black holes.
B．Confirming people's visual evidence theory.
C．Testing the function of virtual telescopes.
D．Providing first-hand evidence of astronomers.

【考點(diǎn)】社會；說明文．

【答案】D；A；A；A

【解答】

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發(fā)布：2024/5/27 14:0:0組卷：1引用：1難度：0.5

相似題

1．Satellites are an important part of our ordinary lives.For example，the information for weather forecasts is sent by satellites.Some satellites have cameras which take photographs of the earth to show how clouds are moving.Satellites are also used to connect our international phone calls.
   Computer connections of the World Wide Web and Internet also use satellites.Many of our TV programs come to us through satellites.Airplane pilots also sometimes use a satellite to help them find their exact location.
   We use satellites to send television pictures from one part of the world to another.They are usually 35，880 kilometers above the equator.Sometimes we can see a satellite in the sky and it seems to stay in the same place. This is because it is moving around the world at 11，000 kilometers an hour-exactly the same speed as the earth rotates（旋轉(zhuǎn)）at.A satellite must orbit the earth with its antennae （天線）facing the earth.Sometimes，it moves away from its orbit.So there are little rockets on it which are used to put the satellite back in the right position.This usually happens about every five or six days.
   Space is not empty！Every week，more and more satellites are sent into space to orbit the earth.A satellite usually works for about 10-12 years.Satellites which are broken are sometimes repaired by astronauts or sometimes brought back to the earth to be repaired.Often，very old or broken satellites are left in space to orbit the earth for a very long time.This is very serious because some satellites use nuclear power and they can crash into each other.

（1）What does the underlined word "This" in the 3rd paragraph refer to？

A．A satellite.
B．A little rocket.
C．A satellite seems to stay in the same place in the sky.
D．The satellite puts the rockets in the right position.
（2）Which is true of satellites？

A．A satellite usually works for about 10-12 years.
B．Every time a satellite gets broken，it is brought back to the earth to be repaired.
C．A broken satellite is never left in space.
D．They often crash into each other.
（3）Which of the following is NOT done by satellites according to the passage？

A．Sending information for weather forecasts.
B．Taking photographs of the earth.
C．Sending TV pictures.
D．Providing food for airplane pilots.
（4）What's the speed the earth rotates at？

A．35，880 kilometers per hour.
B．335，880 kilometers per hour.
C．11，000 kilometers per hour.
D．110，000 kilometers per hour.
發(fā)布：2024/11/12 8:0:39組卷：4引用：1難度：0.5
解析
2．Scientists have already studied how dogs respond to people's behavior and speech.But researchers are just scratching the surface of human-cat interactions.House cats do appear to respond to the expressions on people's faces.Cats can also tell different human voices.But can cats recognize their own names？
   Saito，a psychologist at Sophia University in Tokyo，and her colleagues decided to find the answer.They asked the owners of 77 cats to say four nouns of similar length followed by the cat's name.Cats gradually lost interest in each random（隨機(jī)的）noun.But when the owner said a cat's name，the cats reacted strongly.They moved their ears，head or tail，changed their back paw's position.And，of course，they miaowed.
   These findings mean that cats join the ranks of animals that have shown some sort of response in experiments to the names people give them.Those animals include dogs，dolphins，apes and parrots.Some dogs，for example，can tell the difference between hundreds of human words.It's hard to compare the number of words across species，though.
   The study makes a strong case that cats are perfectly capable of recognizing their own names.Getting a treat or hug as a reward is part of how cats learn to recognize a name.However，owners may also use their cat's name in a negative setting，like yelling at Fluffy to get off the stove.As a result，cats can probably learn to associate these familiar utterances with good and bad experiences，Saito notes.And that might not be great for human-cat relations.So only using a cat's name in a positive context and using a different term in a negative context could help cats and humans communicate more clearly.
   So cats may recognize their names.But will they come when called？Don't get your hopes up.

（1）What made cats react strongly according to Saito's study？

A．Their owners.
B．Their own names.
C．A random noun.
D．A delicious meal.
（2）The findings show

.
A．a(chǎn)ll dogs will respond on hearing their names
B．it's extremely difficult to tell cats' names from dogs'
C．scientists know how to tell the difference between animals
D．there is difference in the number of words recognized among animals
（3）Which of the following could replace the underlined word "utterances" in Paragraph 4？

A．words
B．situations
C．observations
D．owners
（4）What should people avoid to improve human-cat communication？

A．Giving a treat or hug as a reward.
B．Calling their name in a positive context.
C．Using a different term in a negative setting.
D．Associating their name with bad experiences.
發(fā)布：2024/11/13 0:0:1組卷：49引用：3難度：0.6
解析
3．Brownie and Spotty were neighbor dogs who met every day to play together.Like pairs of dogs you can find in any neighborhood，these two loved each other and played together so often that they had worn a path through the grass of the field between their houses.
   One evening，Brownie's family noticed that Brownie hadn't returned home.They went looking for him with no success.Brownie didn't show up the next day，and although they made their efforts to find him，by the next week he was still missing.
   Curiously，Spotty showed up at Brownie's house alone，barking and jumping.Busy with their own lives，they paid no attention to the nervous little neighbor dog.
   Finally，one morning Spotty refused to take "no" for an answer.Ted，Brownie's owner，was continuously disturbed by the angry，determined little dog.Spotty followed Ted around，barking all the time，then darting toward a nearby empty lot（an area of land） and back，as if to say， "Follow me!It's urgent（緊急的）!"
   Eventually，Ted followed Spotty across the empty lot as Spotty stopped to race back and barked encouragingly.The little dog led the man to a deserted spot.There Ted found his beloved Brownie alive，one of his legs stuck in a steel trap.Frightened，Ted now wished he had followed Spotty earlier.
   Then Ted noticed something.Spotty had done something else besides leading Brownie's human owner to his trapped friend.In a circle around the injured dog，Ted found some food remains of every meal.Brownie had been fed that week!Spotty had been visiting Brownie regularly，in the hope of keeping his friend alive.Spotty had actually stayed with Brownie to protect him from hunger and other dangers，and keep his spirits up.
   Brownie's leg was carefully treated and he soon got well again.For many years thereafter the two families watched the faithful friends running after each other down that well-worn path between their houses.

（1）At the very beginning，Brownie's family paid little attention to Spotty because

.
A．they were not free at the moment
B．they were sure Brownie would be OK
C．they didn't like Spotty
D．their missing dog made them sad
（2）After Ted was brought where Brownie was trapped，he

.
A．managed to free his dog at once
B．was very thankful to Spotty
C．regretted not following Spotty earlier
D．was angry with the trap-maker
（3）We can infer from the passage that

.
A．it was Spotty's timely help that saved Brownie
B．it's not right to hunt animals in any neighborhood
C．Ted has to take better care of his beloved dog later on
D．humans and animals depend on each other for comfort
（4）The BEST title for this passage might be

.
A．Dogs in Love
B．A Friend in Need
C．Human and dogs
D．Dogs Are Communicative
發(fā)布：2024/11/13 6:30:3組卷：1引用：1難度：0.5
解析

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