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Today's world is not an easy adjustment for young adults．A key skill set for success is persistence（毅力），characteristic that researchers say is heavily influenced by fathers．Researchers from Brigham Young University discovered that fathers are in a unique position to help their adolescent children learn persistence．
   BYU professors Laura Padilla-Walker and Randal Day arrived at these findings after following 325 American families over several years．And over time，the persistence gained through fathers led to higher achievement in school．
   "There are relatively few studies that stress the unique role of fathers，" Padilla-Walker said． "This research also helps to prove that characteristics such as persistence -- which can be taught -- are key to a child's life success．"
   Researchers determined that dads need to practice an "authoritative" parenting style．Authoritative parenting is not authoritarian：rigid，demanding or controlling．Rather，an authoritative parenting style includes some of the following characteristics：children feel warmth and love from their father；responsibility and the reasons behind rules are stressed；children are given an appropriate level of autonomy（自主權(quán)）．
   In the study，about 52 percent of the dads exhibited above-average levels of authoritative parenting．Key finding is that over time，children raised by an authoritative father were significantly more likely to develop persistence，which leads to better outcomes in school．
   This particular study examined 11 to 14-year-olds living in two-parent homes．Yet the researchers suggest that single parents still may play a role in teaching the benefits of persistence，which is an avenue of future research．

（1）What is special about the BYU professors' study？
A
A

A．It centered on fathers' role in parenting．
B．It was based on a number of large families．
C．It analyzed different kinds of parenting styles．
D．It aimed to improve kids' achievement in school．
（2）What would an authoritative father do when raising his children？
D
D

A．Ignore their demands．
B．Make decisions for them．
C．Control their behaviors．
D．Explain the rules to them．
（3）Which group can be a focus of future studies according to the researchers？
A
A

A．Single parents．
B．Children aged from 11 to 14．
C．Authoritarian fathers．
D．Mothers in two-parent homes．
（4）Which of the following is the best title for the text？
C
C

A．Three Characteristics of Authoritative Fathers
B．Key Skills for Young Adults to Succeed in Future
C．Children Tend to Learn Determination from Father
D．Family Relationship Influences School Performance

【考點】科普知識；教育；說明文．
【答案】A；D；A；C
【解答】
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發(fā)布：2024/4/20 14:35:0組卷：9引用：1難度：0.5
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  • 1．Astronauts travelling in space meet forms of radiation that are uncommon on Earth.Some of this radiation has been shown to be harmful to human health.It is linked to cancers and heart problems.Yet a new American study suggests the radiation does not shorten astronauts' lives.
       Researchers studied nearly 60 years of health records and other data about male astronauts from the United States.They then compared this data with information about a group of men who are in good health，richer than most Americans and receive good health care-professional athletes.The study found that neither group has higher rates of dying at a young age.In fact，both groups generally live longer than other Americans.
       Astronauts are usually well educated，earn more money and are in better physical condition than the average American.Some earlier research has linked being an astronaut to a lower risk of early death，the researchers noted.The findings were reported in the publication Occupational & Environmental Medicine.
       Much of the existing research on mortality rates in astronauts has not yet explored the mental and physical demands of this job.There also has not been a lot of research on whether astronauts show what is known as the "healthy worker effect".This effect leads people with employment of any kind to have fewer medical problems than people who are unable to work，said Robert Reynolds.
       Reynolds said， "The challenge has always been to understand if astronauts are as healthy as they would be had they been otherwise comparably employed but had never gone to space at all.To do this，we need to find a group that is comparable on several important factors."

    （1）How did researchers carry out their study？

    A．By doing interviews.
    B．By analysing some factors.
    C．By comparing different data.
    D．By doing experiments in the lab.
    （2）What can we learn from the text？

    A．All radiation is harmful to human health.
    B．Athletes tend to be poorer than most Americans.
    C．Healthy worker effect makes working people healthier.
    D．Research has explored the mental and physical demands of being astronauts.
    （3）What can be inferred from Reynolds' words？

    A．Researchers are determined to face the challenge.
    B．The research is almost impossible to conduct.
    C．Several important factors hold back the research.
    D．Astronauts are as healthy as they would be if they haven't been astronauts.
    （4）What can be a suitable title for the text？

    A．Astronauts-healthy or otherwise
    B．Astronauts are as healthy as athletes
    C．Radiation affects astronauts' health
    D．Astronauts-well-educated and earn more

    發(fā)布：2024/11/9 9:0:1組卷：7引用：1難度：0.6

  • 2．Last year I introduced my new policy on absences to my classes：None would be（1）
    except for illness or personal emergency （緊急情況）．Even though this was against the（2）
    rules，my students didn't（3）
    ．When those who missed classes received warning notices from me，they knew I was（4）
    ．Most students seemed to realize that it（5）
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       I told my class that（7）
    students want to do well in school，they have to go to classes（8）
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    ，students performance in my classes improved in the end．Such a result is surely worth（13）
    ．There are also other advantages having a（14）
    classroom．For example，discussions are（15）
    ，homework is generally（16）
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    than usual，especially at first I（18）
    or mailed notes to several students about their cuts （缺課），some more than once．
       There is no（19）
    that this kind of policy is easier in a small school．But it can work almost any place where a teacher cares enough to make it work．The（20）
    thing is caring．
    （1） A．a(chǎn)ccepted B．a(chǎn)llowed C．invited D．found
    （2） A．club B．company C．school D．family
    （3） A．care B．help C．know D．forget
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    （5） A．did good to B．got along with C．made use of D．kept away with
    （6） A．At first B．In time C．In fact D．At most
    （7） A．a(chǎn)fter B．if C．though D．until
    （8） A．hardly B．suddenly C．completely D．regularly
    （9） A．unhappy B．impolite C．impatient D．unlucky
    （10） A．praise B．chance C．message D．suggestion
    （11） A．a(chǎn)gree B．choose C．promise D．expect
    （12） A．a(chǎn)nger B．surprise C．regret D．shame
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    （15） A．easier B．clearer C．shorter D．livelier
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    （17） A．busier B．kinder C．richer D．cleverer
    （18） A．stopped B．followed C．returned D．called
    （19） A．need B．time C．doubt D．risk
    （20） A．boring B．strange C．interesting D．important

    發(fā)布：2024/10/25 17:0:1組卷：1引用：1難度：0.3

  • 3．Some caterpillars' warning signals（信號）may have evolved（進化）from walking.
       A team，writing in the journal Nature Communications，reported that the hair-like structures the living things use to make sounds evolved from legs.
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       The caterpillars drag these structures across the leaf to make scraping（刺耳的）sounds when strangers enter the area of their leaves."When they make this signal，the strangers leave，"explained Dr.Yack."It's like saying'I'm here，get out of here-I already own this leaf '."
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    （1）What can we learn about caterpillars' warning structures from the text？

    A．They have the same use as hair.
    B．They are found in caterpillars' heads.
    C．They are used to fight against strangers.
    D．They may have evolved from caterpillars' legs.
    （2）According to the text，Dr.Yack's team did NOT
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    B．create a map to show how caterpillars evolve
    C．study species within the same group of caterpillars
    D．make clear the relationship between different species of caterpillars
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    A．The ancient species.
    B．The chemical markers.
    C．The sound-producing structures.
    D．The more recently evolved species.
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    A．How caterpillars evolved.
    B．How caterpillars warn strangers.
    C．Communication between caterpillars.
    D．Caterpillars' warning signals evolved from walking.

    發(fā)布：2024/10/19 0:0:1組卷：13引用：2難度：0.5
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