2022-2023學(xué)年新疆巴音郭楞州和碩高級中學(xué)高二（上）期末英語試卷

一、 閱讀理解（共4小題，每小題6分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中選出最佳選項，并填在答題卡上。

• 1．Shanghai LibraryIntroduction
     Shanghai Library is a comprehensive public and research library.There are 33 reading rooms，20 individual carrels，2 exhibition halls，4 lecture rooms，1 multi-functional hall，1 auditorium and several music appreciation rooms in it.The library opens every day throughout the year to people from all walks of life.Since 1996 when the new building was officially put into use，over 900 thousand cards have been issued to the public.
  Basic Information
  Self-Service Reading Room
     Resource：New arrivals，recent periodicals （期刊） and newspapers
     Opening Hours：15：00-21：30，Monday-Sunday
  Chinese Documents Circulation Room
     Resource：Books （published within five years） and current periodicals
     Opening Hours：13：30-20：30，Monday 8：30-20：30，Tuesday-Sunday
   Multimedia Newspapers Reading Room
     Resource：Chinese newspapers published at home within 2 years，electric newspaper and TV news
     Opening Hours：8：30-20：30，Monday-Sunday （E-paper，8：30-17：00）
  Shanghai Local Collection Reading Room
     Resource：Books，yearbooks，maps，encyclopedia and literary works on Shanghai
     Opening Hours：8：30-17：00，Monday-Saturday
  Chinese Ancient Books Reading Room
     Resource：Ancient books （including their reprints）
     Opening Hours：8：30-17：00，Monday-Saturday
  Rare Books Reading Room
     Resource：Rare books and their full-text discs
     Opening Hours：8：30-17：00，Monday-Saturday
  Reference Books Reading Room
     Resource：Yearbooks，encyclopedia，dictionaries，name lists，university brochures and maps
     Opening Hours：9：00-17：00，Monday-Sunday
  
  （1）In which Room can you find the most information about Shanghai？

  
  A．Chinese Ancient Books Reading Room.
  B．Rare Books Reading Room.
  C．Self-Service Reading Room.
  D．Shanghai Local Collection Reading Room.
  （2）When is Chinese Documents Circulation Room open on Friday？

  
  A．8：30-17：00
  B．8：30-20：30
  C．13：30-20：30
  D．15：00-21：30
  （3）Which of the following is NOT accessible to visitors to Shanghai Library？

  
  A．Appreciation of literary works.
  B．Full-text discs of ancient books.
  C．A dance hall for dance lovers.
  D．A telephone directory of businesses.
  組卷：0引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

• 2．I was born with bad eyesight.At high school I couldn't read the blackboard.By the time I got to the university of Bath to study Chemistry it had got to the point where I couldn't really see images at all，only the difference between light and dark.And a few years later，once I was in the first year of my PhD，I was almost completely blind.
     But climbing is my great passion.I started climbing when I was young.My dad taught me everything about climbing.When I was 11，I led my first climbing route outside.People are usually amazed when they discover that not only do I climb，but I also lead climbs.
     At university I joined the Mountaineering Club and was able to climb much more frequently.We had regular trips to indoor walls and weekends away outdoors.I developed a great circle of climbing friends and went on several trips to Europe.After these I started Alpine climbing and ice climbing，too.
     When my sight dropped to a level where I could no longer read，I thought I might have to give up leading.But I never thought I would stop climbing.I just learnt to adapt with the support of my friends.
     People often ask me， "Why rock climbing？It doesn't seem like a good activity for a blind person."
     But when I think about the danger，crossing the road is far more dangerous，and also，it's something where I'm not in control.
     It's quite possible that I wouldn't be such a good climber if I weren't blind.If I didn't have these challenges，it wouldn't focus me.That determination is built through my disability.
     When I reach the top of a climb，I don't get to appreciate the view，but the feeling of achievement is extremely good.
     Climbing is a way to prove my way of thinking in life — which is that I'm not disabled，I' m blind and able.
  
  （1）When the author went to university，he

  .
  A．was almost blind
  B．nearly couldn't see images
  C．couldn't figure out light and dark
  D．couldn't read the blackboard
  （2）What did the author do when he couldn't read？

  
  A．He thought about quitting climbing.
  B．He went on several trips to Europe.
  C．He continued leading climbs.
  D．He learnt to adapt with others' help.
  （3）What can we learn from the passage？

  
  A．The author views blindness in a positive way.
  B．The author is afraid of crossing the road.
  C．The author began ice climbing when he got his PhD.
  D．The author started climbing at the age of 11.
  （4）Which can best express the main idea of this passage？

  
  A．Actions speak louder than words.
  B．All things are difficult before they are easy.
  C．Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.
  D．The eye is blind if the mind is absent.
  組卷：0引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

• 3．At 11：06 a.m.on Feb.27，China's Long March-8 Y2 carrier rocket took off from the Wenchang Space Launch Site in south China's Hainan province，with a total of 22 satellites on board.The successful launch marked the highest record for the total number of satellites sent into space by a single rocket in China.
     The 22 commercial satellites launched aboard the Long March-8 Y2 carrier rocket are mainly used for Earth observation，Internet of Things （IoT） communications，and scientific experiments，and are able to provide services including survey of resources，in-orbit scientific experiment，and collection of information about ships.
     To ensure that the 22 commereial satellites are sent into their orbits successfully，researchers needed to first figure out the "seating arrangement" for them.Based on the shapes and needs of these satellites，researchers eventually created a three-story machine that could ensure a comfortable "seat" in the limited space for each satellite.
     Since these satellites need to leave the carrier rocket when they enter space，scientists must take into consideration deviations （偏差） in movements caused by different ways in which satellites separate from the rocket and energy sources they use during the process.The research and development team of the Long March-8 Y2 carried out many rounds of calculations （計算） for the deviations in the movements of the rocket and satellites to make sure all the 22 satellites can "get off" the launch vehicle safely.
     Compared with the traditional practice of launching a single satellite with one rocket，using one rocket to send many satellites into orbits can put the carrying ability of the rocket to better use，improve efficiency （效率） and reduce the cost of satellite launch，according to experts.
  
  （1）What is Paragraph 2 mainly about？

  
  A．The differences between rockets.
  B．The tasks for the 22 satellites.
  C．The achievements of scientific experiments.
  D．The technology applied to the rocket.
  （2）Why was the three-story machine created？

  
  A．To store the satellites properly.
  B．To record satellite observation data.
  C．To ensure the rocket worked properly
  D．To make sure the rocket was small enough.
  （3）Why do scientists have to consider deviations in movements？

  
  A．To recycle the carrier rocket regularly.
  B．To deal with emergencies in time.
  C．To make satellites stay in orbit longer.
  D．To free the satellites successfully.
  （4）What do the experts think of the Long March-8 Y2 rocket？

  
  A．It has many advantages.
  B．It faces many risks.
  C．It provides inspiration for future rockets.
  D．It will be improved in the future.
  組卷：36引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

• 4．FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022 is now a hot blooded carnival for fans around the world for 28 days.It's the first World Cup held by a country that has not participated in the World Cup before，and also the first time to be held in a Middle Eastern country.
     First let's talk about its mascot，La'eeb，shaped like a walking headscarf，is an avatar （化身）with no fixed shape.This Arabic word means a highly skilled player.The mascot wears a rope and is soft，whose body can make various and difficult movements at will-it gives fans full imagination.The design of the mascot is very novel and this playful image is loved by many fans.Its facial expression is full of determination with an inspirational，upward and positive attitude，just like a strong-willed athlete who never gets discouraged in the face of difficulties.
     Considering the high temperature of about 50 degrees in Qatar in summer will affect the athletes' competitive status，this World Cup is the first time to be held in the northern hemisphere in winter.To successfully hold this World Cup，Qatar has invested heavily in the construction of venues and supporting transportation，communication，accommodation，even with over 1，000 luxurious Bedouin-style tents in the desert，etc.Service facilities，with a total investment of 220 bn US dollars，make it the most expensive World Cup game at present.
     This World Cup will even be the very first carbon-neutral tournament，and the organizer has prepared a total of 8 stadiums，all built to be energy efficient.One of our favorites is Stadium 974，the first fully demountable （可拆卸的） stadium，built using 974 shipping containers，whose number also happens to be Qatar's country code.The opening game and the final match will be held in the same stadium-Lusail Stadium.Moreover，thanks to Qatar's efficient public transportation，football fans will need just under one hour of traveling time between stadiums.So if you want to，you can watch more than two games in one day and experience the World Cup like never before.
     And the World Cup finale will take place on December the 18th，also Qatar's National Day.So expect fireworks all around.And let's have a blast together!
  
  （1）What makes the host country so special？

  
  A．Extremely high temperature.
  B．Diverse religions.
  C．First participation in the World Cup.
  D．Richness in oil.
  （2）Which of the following is TRUE about the mascot？

  
  A．It is a traditional Arabic design.
  B．It could not be transformed at all.
  C．It is named after a sport.
  D．It looks inspiring and encouraging.
  （3）Why is the huge investment mentioned in this passage？

  
  A．To show off the great wealth of the host.
  B．To highlight its commitment to the event.
  C．To attract visitors all over the world.
  D．To criticize the giant waste by the host.
  （4）What does the underlined word "blast" in paragraph 5 refer to？

  
  A．Explosion.
  B．Criticism.
  C．Loud noise.
  D．Good time.
  組卷：1引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

• 5．Characteristics of An Excellent Scientist The Free Dictionary defines a scientist as a person having professional knowledge on one or more sciences，especially natural science or physical science.It also defines a scientist as someone who uses scientific methods. （1）

  .
     Curiosity
     An excellent scientist must be very curious about things.Scientists such as Thomas Edison and George Westinghouse discovered things mainly because they wanted to know how things work. （2）

  ，then he/she never gets to the first stage of the scientific process.
     Patience
     Becoming a scientist takes a long time. （3）

  .Even if you think you have received some education on science，you still have a lot of scientific research to do.If you're an instant-gratification （及時滿足的）type of person，this may not be the best choice for you.
     Ethical qualities
     （4）

  ，a scientist must have a desire to improve people's life as well as the environment and living things，since they are all linked and they can affect one another in the long run.A scientist must report findings honestly regardless of personal or outside commercial interests.Sticking to an old belief contradicted by evidence is dishonest.However，that belief shouldn't be changed without powerful evidence.
     （5）

  .
     An excellent scientist even takes notes of the smallest observation，keeping it in mind and recording it.He/She can work well alone or in groups，depending on what's needed.He/She also needs to communicate thoughts on paper and verbally.Networking skills connect him/her with colleagues working on similar projects where he/she may discover something new.
  
  A.Working habits.
  B.Think about everything.
  C.There are very few jobs that take longer than this one.
  D.In order to truly discover and use knowledge for the greater good.
  E.Let's look at some characteristics of an excellent scientist.
  F.If a scientist doesn't have the drive to ask questions or even wonder.
  G.One of the main places that many scientists work in is the research laboratory.
  組卷：2引用：2難度：0.5

  解析

二、 完形填空（共1小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）

• 6．閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。
     Zhong Nanshan was born in October 1936 in Nanjing，Jiangsu.He grew up in a family of doctors.（1）

  the family tradition，he was admitted to Beijing Medical University in 1955.
     Many know Zhong as a famous（2）

  ，but few know that he was once a（an）（3）

  athlete.Zhong has displayed athletic（4）

  early on.During his time at university，he broke the school's（5）

  for the 110-meter and 400-meter hurdles.In 1958，Zhong，then a junior year student，was（6）

  to join the Beijing sports training team to（7）

  for the first National Games of the People's Republic of China in 1959.
     Although Zhong did not（8）

  to be a professional athlete，his love for sports never（9）

  .In spite of his busy schedule as a doctor，Zhong（10）

  3 or 4 times every week.Years of physical exercise gives him a healthy body，（11）

  him to continue marching forward in the medical field.
     "You need to（12）

  in mind that the most important thing is not treating the disease，but treating the（13）

  ，" said Zhong during a lecture at Guangzhou Medical University.
     Zhong's life has always been closely（14）

  to his patients and to the development of the nation.When SARS（15）

  ，Zhong personally examined the mouth and throat of every（16）

  ill patient in his hospital，giving them comfort and（17）

  to fight the disease.
     At the age of 84，Zhong is still（18）

  on the frontline of the novel coronavirus（新冠） outbreak.With his（19）

  medical skills and unwavering perseverance （不動搖的毅力），Zhong has become a（20）

  anchor （支柱） for Chinese people at this difficult time.
  
  

  （1）	A．Resisting	B．Switching	C．Following	D．Securing
  （2）	A．tutor	B．a(chǎn)ssistant	C．educator	D．doctor
  （3）	A．outstanding	B．household	C．flexible	D．ordinary
  （4）	A．prospect	B．talent	C．concept	D．a(chǎn)mbition
  （5）	A．theory	B．record	C．tendency	D．routine
  （6）	A．selected	B．requested	C．convinced	D．forced
  （7）	A．make	B．seek	C．search	D．prepare
  （8）	A．pretend	B．bother	C．choose	D．wrestle
  （9）	A．existed	B．faded	C．occurred	D．a(chǎn)ppeared
  （10）	A．takes out	B．keeps up	C．works out	D．sums up
  （11）	A．enabling	B．inspiring	C．reminding	D．pressing
  （12）	A．reflect	B．deny	C．keep	D．a(chǎn)dmit
  （13）	A．virus	B．patient	C．infection	D．wound
  （14）	A．linked	B．a(chǎn)ddicted	C．a(chǎn)djusted	D．limited
  （15）	A．died out	B．set out	C．ran out	D．broke out
  （16）	A．slightly	B．critically	C．potentially	D．seemingly
  （17）	A．qualification	B．competence	C．strength	D．nutrition
  （18）	A．fighting	B．behaving	C．a(chǎn)ppealing	D．stretching
  （19）	A．concrete	B．fancy	C．complex	D．professional
  （20）	A．a(chǎn)cademic	B．spiritual	C．commercial	D．cultural
  組卷：0引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

四、語法填空（滿分10分）（51-55題填關(guān)系詞，56-60用所給詞的適當形式填空）

• 17．

  （devote） to teaching，she couldn't afford time to take good care of her young children.
  組卷：3引用：1難度：0.7

  解析

五、 書面表達

• 18．親愛的同學(xué)們，校園生活多姿多彩，忙碌而充實，你肯定取得了許多令自己自豪而滿意的成就，例如每天堅持讀英語，考試取得好成績，籃球比賽獲得勝利，參加志愿者活動幫助他人，才藝表演大放異彩等等。請選取中學(xué)階段以來你所取得的一項成就，根據(jù)以下要點結(jié)合自己的實際情況寫一篇題為 "My achievement in my life"的文章。
      （1）你所取得的成就；
      （2）你怎樣取得成就。
      要求：
      （1）詞數(shù)80左右；
      （2）結(jié)合實際情況寫自己的成就，切記不要套用名人偉人或他人的成就，更不要在網(wǎng)上抄襲文章；
      （3）寫自己中學(xué)以來學(xué)習(xí)生活中的成就，杜絕寫攙扶老人過馬路、給父母捶捶背等小學(xué)階段的事例。
  組卷：2引用：1難度：0.5

  解析