2022-2023學(xué)年廣東省東莞第四高級(jí)中學(xué)高三（上）月考英語(yǔ)試卷（8月份）

第一節(jié)（共4小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

• 1．The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms，which reflect the Chinese people's understanding of time.Here several special solar terms are listed.
     Rain Water
     Rain Water signals the increase in rainfall and rise in temperature.With its arrival，the river water defreezes，wild geese move from south to north，and trees and grass turn green again.Extra care is needed to cope with a returning cold spell in this period.The wet and damp weather during Rain Water period is considered harmful for people's spleen （脾） and stomach according to Chinese medical practice.Therefore，a bowl of nutritious porridge is the best choice to nourish the body.
     Awakening of Insects
     As the third solar term in the lunar year，its name implies that animals sleeping in winter are awakened by spring thunder and that the earth begins to come back to life.It is the key time for spring agricultural activities.Modern meteorological science shows that around this period，the earth becomes wet，the hot humid air from the north is strong and creates frequent winds.For this reason，thunder often occurs.
     Spring Equinox
     Spring Equinox signals the equal length of the day and night time.On the day of the Spring Equinox，the sun is directly above the equator.After the equinox，the sun moves northwards，resulting in gradually longer day time in the Northern Hemisphere.Standing an egg upright is a popular game during this period.It is believed that if someone can make the egg stand，he will have good luck in the future.
     Grain Rain
     Grain Rain originates from the old saying，"Rain brings up the growth of hundreds of grains"，which shows that this period of rainfall is extremely important for the growth of crops and people are busy working on the land.Grain Rain falls between the end of' spring and the beginning of summer，with infrequent cold air moving to the south and lingering cold air in the north.With dry soil，an unsteady atmosphere and heavy winds and sandstorms become more frequent.
  
  （1）What can we know about Rain Water？

  
  A．River water starts to freeze.
  B．Taking off the thick coats is advisable.
  C．Lively spring-like scenery can be seen.
  D．It falls between the end of spring and the start of summer.
  （2）What do Awakening of Insects and Grain Rain have in common？

  
  A．Farming season.
  B．Animal activities.
  C．Air temperature.
  D．Frequent thundering.
  （3）In which solar term would people most probably put on masks？

  
  A．Rain Water.
  B．Grain Rain.
  C．Spring Equinox.
  D．Awakening of Insects.
  組卷：6引用：6難度：0.4

  解析

• 2．My philosophy professor was a typical eccentric philosopher，whose behavior was somewhat strange.His disheveled（蓬亂的）appearance was highlighted by a well-worn tweed （粗花呢） sport coat and poor-fitting thick glasses，which often rested on the tip of his nose.Every now and then，as most philosophy professors do，he would go off on one of those existential "what's the meaning of life" discussions.Many of those discussions went nowhere，but there were a few that really hit home.This was one of them：
     "Respond to the following questions by a show of hands，" my professor instructed.
     "How many of you can tell me something about your parents？" Everyone's hand went up.
     "How many of you can tell me something about your grandparents？" About three-fourths of the class raised their hands.
     "How many of you can tell me something about your great-grandparents？" Two out of sixty students raised their hands.
     "Look around the room，" he said. "In just two short generations hardly any of us even know who our own great-grandparents were.Oh sure，maybe we have an old photograph tucked（收藏）away in a musty cigar box or know the classic family story about how one of them walked five miles to school barefoot.But how many of us really know who they were，what they thought，what they were proud of，what they were afraid of，or what they dreamed about？Think about that.Within three generations our ancestors are all but forgotten.Will this happen to you？"
     "Here's a better question.Look ahead three generations.You are long gone.Instead of you sitting in this room，now it's your great-grandchildren.What will they have to say about you？Will they know about you？Or will you be forgotten，too？"
     "Is your life going to be a warning or an example？What legacy will you leave？The choice is yours.Class dismissed. "
     Nobody rose from their seats for a good five minutes.
  
  （1）Which of the following can best describe the professor？

  
  A．Untidy but considerate.
  B．Odd but thoughtful.
  C．Fashionable and helpful.
  D．Neat and responsible.
  （2）Why does the professor mention "photograph" and "family story" in Paragraph 6？

  
  A．To share his own interesting stories.
  B．To suggest new ways to know the ancestors.
  C．To prove they are good ways to know the ancestors.
  D．To show people's understanding of the ancestors are shallow.
  （3）What can we know about this philosophy class？

  
  A．It aroused our thinking about life.
  B．It went nowhere like the previous ones.
  C．The professor was unsatisfied with our answers.
  D．The professor offered us his answers to the questions.
  （4）What is the best title of the passage？

  
  A．Our philosophy professor.
  B．A lesson about legacy.
  C．Our memorable ancestors.
  D．A gap among three generations.
  組卷：4引用：5難度：0.5

  解析

• 3．Could the secret to a good night's sleep be a pencil and paper？Researchers at Baylor University published a study in the Journal of Experimental Psychology that claims writing a to-do list helps people get to sleep faster.
     "There are two schools of thought about this，" The lead researcher，Scullin said. "One is that writing about the future would lead to increased worry about unfinished tasks and delay sleep，while writing about completed activities would not trigger worry.The alternative hypothesis（假設(shè)）is that writing a to-do list will offload those thoughts and reduce worry. "
     To test the hypotheses，researchers invited 57 men and women between ages 18 and 30 to spend one weeknight in a controlled sleep lab and they were divided into two groups，the experimental group and the control group.Five minutes before bedtime，each participant was instructed to complete a short writing exercise.The first group wrote about anything they needed to remember to do in the upcoming days，while the other wrote about tasks they had completed during the previous days.When the exercise was done，participants went to bed.
     Researchers measured each participant's brain activity overnight using a technique called polysomnography（睡眠多項(xiàng)生理檢查），which records eye movement，muscle activity and other biological changes.
     The researchers found that the participants who wrote to-do lists fell asleep an average of 9 minutes faster than those who wrote about already-accomplished tasks.While 9 minutes may not seem like a lot of extra shut-eye，it's comparable to the improvement seen in clinical trials for some sleep medications，Scullin told Time magazine.
     Scullin noted that while the sample size was appropriate for an experimental，laboratory-based polysomnography study，a larger future study would be of value. "Measures of personality，anxiety，and depression might moderate the effects of writing on falling asleep，and that could be explored in an investigation with a larger sample，" he said. "We recruited healthy young adults，and so we don't know whether our findings would generalize to patients with sleeplessness，though some writing activities have previously been suggested to benefit such patients."
  
  （1）What does the word "trigger" in Paragraph Two mean？

  
  A．Reduce.
  B．Rid.
  C．Control.
  D．Cause.
  （2）What's the difference between the experimental group and the control group？

  
  A．The content of their writing exercises.
  B．The age and gender of the participants.
  C．The sleeping hours of the participants.
  D．The measuring method of brain activity.
  （3）What can we know about the effect brought by writing a to-do list before bed？

  
  A．It shows no improvement.
  B．It makes falling asleep harder.
  C．It is similar to taking sleep medications.
  D．It helps to lengthen the sleeping hours.
  （4）What is the writing purpose of the last paragraph？

  
  A．To analyze the cause of the experiment.
  B．To state the limitation of the experiment.
  C．To show the significance of the experiment.
  D．To criticize the drawback of the experiment.
  組卷：6引用：4難度：0.7

  解析

第四部分 寫作

• 8．假定你是李華，你的朋友Sarah曾邀請(qǐng)你參加她下個(gè)星期四的生日晚會(huì)，可是弟弟生病了，需要人照看，不能去參加。請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下要點(diǎn)給他寫一封道歉信。
  （1）表達(dá)歉意；
  （2）解釋原因；
  （3）提出彌補(bǔ)的辦法。
  注意：
  （1）詞數(shù)80左右；
  （2）可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。
  （3）請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。
  Dear Sarah，
  _______
  Yours，
  Li Hua
  組卷：4引用：2難度：0.5

  解析

第二節(jié) 讀后續(xù)寫閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

• 9．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
      The average present merely satisfies a temporary desire；the great one becomes more precious with time going by.
      When I was a boy of fourteen，I needed to have 80 hours of community service per year and I used to take care of Mrs.Long's garden，which was near the Presbyterian Church.As a junior high school student，I devoted myself to it，sweeping the fallen leaves and mowing the lawn （修剪草坪）.There I learnt how to cut away dry branches and even helped to plant a sapling （小樹(shù)苗）.Tired as I was every time I finished my work，I did enjoy the time there for learning something new.I clearly remembered that Mrs Long，a nice and caring elder，always treated me to delicious meals and drinks.She also loved taking photos，always with an old camera in hand.It was said that the camera was passed down from her father and she cherished it a lot.
      Several days before Christmas，she whispered to me， "When Christmas comes，I shall have a present for you." I spent much time wondering what it would be.The boys I played with had baseball gloves，ice skates and bicycles，and I was so eager to acquire any one of these that I convinced myself that she intended to choose from among them.But at the same time，I had some doubts whether she would buy me such things because she was not that well-off.
      The day before Christmas，I went there as before.With the work done，I was going to leave when she pulled me aside. "Kid，wait for a minute，" she said，leading me into her living room.She seated me on a chair，went to another room，and in a moment stood before me holding a small package that under no circumstances could hold a bicycle or a pair of skates or even a baseball glove.It weighed almost nothing.
  注意：
  1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；
  2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。
  
  Paragraph 1：
      I took the package with disappointment._________
  Paragraph 2：
      Opening the package，I was totally astonished._________
  組卷：4引用：4難度：0.5

  解析