2022-2023學(xué)年廣東省北京師大廣州實(shí)驗(yàn)學(xué)校高一（上）期末英語(yǔ)試卷

閱讀下列短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

• 1．D Give yourself a test．Which way is the wind blowing？How many kinds of wild flowers can be seen from your front door？If your awareness is as sharp as it could be，you'll have no trouble answering these questions．
     Most of us observed much more as children than we do as adults．A child's day is filled with fascination，newness and wonder．Curiosity gave us all a natural awareness．But distinctions that were sharp to us as children become unclear，we are numb （麻木的） to new stimulation（刺激），new ideas．Relearning the art of seeing the world around us is quite simple，although it takes practice and requires breaking some bad habits．
     The first step in awakening senses is to stop predicting what we are going to see and feel before it occurs．This blocks awareness．One chilly night when I was hiking in the Rocky Mountains with some students，I mentioned that we were going to cross a mountain stream．The students began complaining about how cold it would be．We reached the stream，and they unwillingly walked ahead．They were almost knee-deep when they realized it was a hot spring．Later they all admitted they'd felt cold water at first．
     Another block to awareness is the obsession （癡迷） many of us have with naming things．I saw bird watchers who spotted a bird，immediately looked it up in field guides，and said，a "ruby-crowned kinglet" and checked it off．They no longer paid attention to the bird and never learned what it was doing．
     The pressures of "time" and "destination" are further blocks to awareness．I encountered many hikers who were headed to a distant camp-ground with just enough time to get there before dark．It seldom occurred to them to wander a bit，to take a moment to see what's around them．I asked them what they'd seen． "Oh，a few birds， "they said．They seemed bent on their destinations．
     Nature seems to unfold to people who watch and wait．Next time you take a walk，no matter where it is，take in all the sights，sounds and sensations．Wander in this frame of mind and you will open a new dimension to your life．
  
  （1）According to Paragraph 2，compared with adults，children are more

  ．
  A．a(chǎn)nxious to do wonders
  B．sensitive to others' feelings
  C．likely to develop unpleasant habits
  D．eager to explore the world around them
  （2）What idea does the author convey in Paragraph 3？

  
  A．To avoid jumping to conclusions．
  B．To stop complaining all the time．
  C．To follow the teacher's advice．
  D．To admit mistakes honestly．
  （3）The bird watchers' behavior shows that they

  ．
  A．a(chǎn)re very patient in their observation
  B．a(chǎn)re really fascinated by nature
  C．care only about the names of birds
  D．question the accuracy of the field guides
  （4）Why do the hikers take no notice of the surroundings during the journey？

  
  A．The natural beauty isn't attractive to them．
  B．They focus on arriving at the camp in time．
  C．The forest in the dark is dangerous for them．
  D．They are keen to see rare birds at the destination．
  （5）In the passage，the author intends to tell us we should

  ．
  A．fill our senses to feel the wonders of the world
  B．get rid of some bad habits in our daily life
  C．open our mind to new things and ideas
  D．try our best to protect nature
  組卷：420引用：2難度：0.1

  解析

• 2．This month，Germany's transport minister，Alexander Dobrindt，proposed the first set of rules for autonomous vehicles（自主駕駛車(chē)輛）．They would define the driver's role in such cars and govern how such cars perform in crashes where lives might be lost．
      The proposal attempts to deal with what some call the "death valley" of autonomous vehicles：the grey area between semi-autonomous and fully driverless cars that could delay the driverless future．
     Dobrindt wants three things：that a car always chooses property（財(cái)產(chǎn)） damage over personal injury；that it never distinguishes between humans based on age or race；and that if a human removes his or her hands from the driving wheel - to check email，say - the car's maker is responsible if there is a crash．
     "The change to the road traffic law will permit fully automatic driving，" says Dobrindt．It will put fully driverless cars on an equal legal footing to human drivers，he says．
     Who is responsible for the operation of such vehicles is not clear among car makers，consumers and lawyers． "The liability（法律責(zé)任） issue is the biggest one of them all，" says Natasha Merat at the University of Leeds，UK．
     An assumption behind UK insurance for driverless cars，introduced earlier this year，insists that a human "be watchful and monitoring the road" at every moment．
     But that is not what many people have in mind when thinking of driverless cars． "When you say 'driverless cars'，people expect driverless cars．" Merat says． "You know - no driver．"
     Because of the confusion，Merat thinks some car makers will wait until vehicles can be fully automated without operation．
     Driverless cars may end up being a form of public transport rather than vehicles you own，says Ryan Calo at Stanford University，California．That is happening in the UK and Singapore，where government-provided driverless vehicles are being launched．
     That would go down poorly in the US，however． "The idea that the government would take over driverless cars and treat them as a public good would get absolutely nowhere here，" says Calo．
  
  （1）What does the phrase "death valley" in Paragraph 2 refer to？

  
  A．A place where cars often break down．
  B．A case where passing a law is impossible．
  C．An area where no driving is permitted．
  D．A situation where drivers' role is not clear．
  （2）The proposal put forward by Dobrindt aims to

  ．
  A．stop people from breaking traffic rules
  B．help promote fully automatic driving
  C．protect drivers of all ages and races
  D．prevent serious property damage
  （3）What do consumers think of the operation of driverless cars？

  
  A．It should get the attention of insurance companies．
  B．It should be the main concern of law makers．
  C．It should not cause deadly traffic accidents．
  D．It should involve no human responsibility．
  （4）Driverless vehicles in public transport see no bright future in

  ．
  A．Singapore
  B．the UK
  C．the US
  D．Germany
  （5）What could be the best title for the passage？

  
  A．Autonomous Driving：Whose Liability？
  B．Fully Automatic Cars：A New Breakthrough
  C．Autonomous Vehicles：Driver Removed!
  D．Driverless Cars：Root of Road Accidents
  組卷：4引用：2難度：0.5

  解析

• 3．I read somewhere that we spend a full third of our lives waiting.But where are we doing all of this waiting，and what does it mean to an impatient society like ours？To understand the issue，let's take a look at three types of "waits".
     The very purest form of waiting is the Watched-Pot Wait.It is without doubt the most annoying of all.Take filling up the kitchen sink（洗碗池） as an example.There is absolutely nothing you can do while this is going on but keep both eyes fixed on the sink until it's full.During these waits，the brain slips away from the body and wanders about until the water runs over the edge of the counter and onto your socks.This kind of wait makes the waiter helpless and mindless.
     A cousin to the Watched-Pot Wait is the Forced Wait.This one requires a bit of discipline.Properly preparing packaged noodle soup required a Forced Wait.Directions are very specific. "Bring three cups of water to boil，add mix，simmer three minutes，remove from heat，let stand five minutes." I have my doubts that anyone has actually followed the procedures strictly.After all，F(xiàn)orced Waiting requires patience.
     Perhaps the most powerful type of waiting is the Lucky-Break Wait.This type of wait is unusual in that it is for the most part voluntary.Unlike the Forced Wait，which is also voluntary，waiting for your lucky break does not necessarily mean that it will happen.
     Turning one's life into a waiting game requires faith and hope，and is strictly for the optimists among us.On the surface it seems as ridiculous as following the directions on soup mixes，but the Lucky-Break Wait well serves those who are willing to do it.As long as one doesn't come to rely on it，wishing for a few good things to happen never hurts anybody.
     We certainly do spend a good deal of our time waiting.The next time you're standing at the sink waiting for it to fill while cooking noodle soup that you'll have to eat until a large bag of cash falls out of the sky，don't be desperate.You're probably just as busy as the next guy.
  
  （1）While doing a Watched-Pot Wait，we tend to

  .
  A．keep ourselves busy
  B．get absent-minded
  C．grow anxious
  D．stay focused
  （2）What is the difference between the Forced Wait and the Watched-Pot Wait？

  
  A．The Forced Wait requires some self-control.
  B．The Forced Wait makes people passive.
  C．The Watched-Pot Wait needs directions.
  D．The Watched-Pot Wait engages body and brain.
  （3）What can we learn about the Lucky-Break Wait？

  
  A．It is less voluntary than the Forced Wait.
  B．It doesn't always bring the desired result.
  C．It is more fruitful than the Forced Wait.
  D．It doesn't give people faith and hope.
  （4）What does the author advise us to do the next time we are waiting？

  
  A．Take it seriously.
  B．Don't rely on others.
  C．Do something else.
  D．Don't lose heart.
  （5）The author supports his view by

  .
  A．exploring various causes of "waits"
  B．describing detailed processes of "waits"
  C．a(chǎn)nalyzing different categories of "waits"
  D．revealing frustrating consequences of "waits"
  組卷：10引用：2難度：0.4

  解析

二、第二節(jié) （共1小題，每小題 2分，滿(mǎn)分10分） 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

• 4．For college students，graduation signals an exciting new beginning． （1）

  Many students wonder：What do I do now？What career is best for me？Most expert advice on choosing careers boils down to the following points．
  Knowing Yourself
     What are your interests？Abilities？Skills？（2）

  The results may surprise you!These can be useful，but they're not the last word．
  Investigating
     Investigating occupations is much more difficult．For most people，there isn't just one 'right' job，but several that could be satisfying． （3）

  Talk to people who have occupations that interest you．Find out what they like and dislike about their job．
  （4）

  
     Many people choose their careers because they believe strongly in a particular cause．Some might choose to work in areas like medicine，charity or environmental protection．Some have a strong interest in history or a love for the arts． （5）

  So in cases like these，the field is often chosen first，rather than the occupation itself．So if you've chosen a field，self-assessment will help you find your place in it．Invest some time and effort，and find the right career for you．
  
  A．Try a self-assessment quiz．
  B．Search through books and Web sites．
  C．Finding your place．
  D．But it can also bring a lot of uncertainty and confusion．
  E．Serious research helps narrow the possibilities
  F．Research your chosen field carefully．What work needs to be done？What training is needed？
  G．Then they might think about education，museums or art production．
  組卷：7引用：3難度：0.5

  解析

完形填空

• 5．I've been farming sheep on a hillside for 54 years.I use a small tractor to get about.My dog Don always sits beside me in the passenger seat.
     One morning I（1）

  a lost lamb when I was in the top field，near where a motorway cuts through my land.The lamb had become separated from its（2）

  ，so I jumped out of the tractor to（3）

  it while Don stayed in his seat.
     Lamb and mother（4）

  ，I turned back to the tractor only to see it move suddenly away from me.This was so（5）

  because I had put the handbrake on when I jumped out.（6）

  Don had somehow made the（7）

  move.
     My heart froze in my chest as I（8）

  the tractor heading towards the（9）

  .I ran desperately but failed to（10）

  .It crashed through a wooden fence and disappeared.The（11）

  thing I saw was Don's face，looking calmly back at me.Heart in mouth，I（12）

  the fence and looked over.The tractor was（13）

  against the crash barrier in the central reservation，having miraculously（奇跡般地）crossed the（14）

  road with fast-flowing traffic.I couldn't see Don，but as I（15）

  the tractor he jumped out onto the road，apparently（16）

  ，and dashed back to me.
     The police（17）

  and the motorway ran normally again.I couldn't quite believe my（18）

  it turned out no one got badly hurt，but the outcome could have been（19）

  .Don was given a special（20）

  that night-I didn't want him thinking I was angry with him.
  
  

  （1）	A．dropped	B．spotted	C．carried	D．returned
  （2）	A．kids	B．friends	C．owner	D．mother
  （3）	A．a(chǎn)sk about	B．play with	C．tend to	D．run into
  （4）	A．freed	B．switched	C．reunited	D．examined
  （5）	A．unexpected	B．dangerous	C．embarrassing	D．difficult
  （6）	A．Fortunately	B．Generally	C．Immediately	D．Obviously
  （7）	A．lamb	B．vehicle	C．seat	D．fence
  （8）	A．saw	B．stopped	C．remembered	D．drove
  （9）	A．crowd	B．motorway	C．field	D．hill
  （10）	A．take off	B．catch up	C．hold back	D．get out
  （11）	A．real	B．best	C．basic	D．last
  （12）	A．fixed	B．noticed	C．reached	D．closed
  （13）	A．resting	B．running	C．parking	D．turning
  （14）	A．sleep	B．long	C．rough	D．busy
  （15）	A．a(chǎn)bandoned	B．a(chǎn)pproached	C．recognized	D．repaired
  （16）	A．unclean	B．uncertain	C．unhurt	D．unhappy
  （17）	A．a(chǎn)rrived	B．replied	C．survived	D．waited
  （18）	A．a(chǎn)bility	B．dream	C．luck	D．idea
  （19）	A．common	B．confusing	C．desirable	D．a(chǎn)wful
  （20）	A．meal	B．test	C．job	D．lesson
  組卷：14引用：5難度：0.5

  解析

閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式

• 6．The Tower Bridge is one of the twenty-seven bridges over the River Thames.It is close to the Tower of London，from（1）

  the Tower Bridge got its name.It is a symbol of London.
      It is recorded that the Tower Bridge（2）

  （build）in 1894 and now it is one of the（3）

  （famous）bridges in the world.It's interesting that its middle part can be raised（4）

  （let） big ships pass.It used to be raised about 50 times a day，（5）

  now it is raised only 4 to 5 times a week.If you are lucky enough to see the bridge with its two arms open high in the air，you'll never forget it.
       People often think the Tower of London and the Tower Bridge are of（6）

  same age.But in fact，the Tower was constructed 1000 years ago，while the Bridge only（7）

  （have）a history of over 100 years.
      The Tower Bridge was first painted chocolate brown.Later，it was painted red，white and blue.Its picture also appeared in the opening of the Summer Olympic Games（8）

  （hold） in London in 2012.So come to visit the famous bridge.You'll（9）

  （sure） have a wonderful experience and it'll leave you a lasting （10）

  （impress）.
  組卷：10引用：3難度：0.9

  解析

根據(jù)句子意思和中文提示完成下列句子，每空只填一個(gè)單詞。將每一題的答案寫(xiě)在答題卷相應(yīng)的橫線(xiàn) 上。

• 7．The United Nations is an intergovernmental

  （組織） which plays an important role in global affairs.
  組卷：4引用：3難度：0.7

  解析

• 8．We haven't seen each other since we

  （畢業(yè)） from college in 1998.
  組卷：4引用：3難度：0.7

  解析

• 9．Both English and French are

  （官方的） languages in Canada.
  組卷：12引用：10難度：0.8

  解析

句子翻譯 （共5小題，每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分10分）

• 26．貧困地區(qū)人們的生活因?yàn)榛ヂ?lián)網(wǎng)正得到改善。（現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）
  
  組卷：15引用：4難度：0.5

  解析

第四節(jié) 書(shū)面表達(dá) （滿(mǎn)分25分）

• 27．假定你是李華，你看到美國(guó)留學(xué)生Sharon在網(wǎng)上發(fā)帖，希望有人能幫助她提高普通話(huà)水平，她可以教英語(yǔ)作為回報(bào)。請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下提示用英語(yǔ)給她寫(xiě)一封電子郵件。
  （1）表達(dá)提供幫助的意愿；
  （2）說(shuō)明你能勝任的理由；
  （3）講好普通話(huà)的建議；
  （4）提出你學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的具體需求。
  普通話(huà)：Mandarin
  注意：（1）詞數(shù)100左右；
  （2）可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。
  Dear Sharon，
  _______
  Yours，
  Li Hua
  組卷：7引用：1難度：0.5

  解析