人教版（2019）必修1《Unit 4 Natural disasters》2019年單元測試卷（1）
發(fā)布：2024/4/20 14:35:0
一、閱讀理解（共16分）
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1．What should you do if there's an earthquake at school？How can you protect yourself when you are caught in a stampede（踩踏）？March 25 this year provides you with a good chance to learn about safety．
This day is called the National Day of Education on the Safety of Elementary and Middle School Students（NDESEMSS） （全國中小學(xué)生安全教育日）．The theme of the day this year is to give students more knowledge about safety and make sure their lives safe．
A survey done by the China Youth and Children Research Center showed that school accidents kill more elementary and middle school students than anything else．The main accidents come from stampedes，earthquakes，fires and sports injuries．
What can we do to keep ourselves safe？Staying calm is the first and most important rule when facing accidents．But different accidents have different self-protection advice．
A stampede is possible anywhere．The larger a human crowd gets，the more likely stampedes become．When students around you begin to push，stand still and try to hold onto something，or stay in a corner until the crowd leaves．If you fall down in a moving crowd，cover your head with both hands．Lean to one side，curl up your body and bend your legs．
Earthquakes are common natural disasters．When you feel the ground shake，drop down，take cover under a desk and hold on．You should stay indoors until the shaking stops．If you are out-doors，don't stay near buildings，trees or power lines．
When there's a fire，follow the teachers' instructions，leave the classroom quickly and use a piece of cloth to cover your mouth and nose so that you don't breathe in smoke．
（1）What should you do first when accidents happen according to this passage？
A．Run away．
B．Stand there
C．Keep calm．
D．Cry loudly．
（2）According to this passage，which of the following is TRUE？
A．Car accidents kill the most elementary and middle school students of all accidents．
B．When there's a fire，you should use cloth to cover your mouth and nose．
C．If you fall down in a moving crowd，you can do nothing but wait there．
D．When an earthquake happens，you should stay near buildings or trees．
（3）What's the best title for this passage？
A．Be afraid of accidents
B．An earthquake is coming
C．Run away from accidents
D．How to protect yourself
（4）If the writer continues to write this passage，what will be followed？
A．The changes of fires．
B．The reasons of accidents．
C．Sports injuries．
D．Smoking disadvantages．組卷：82引用：3難度：0.7 -
2．Five years after a deadly earthquake and tsunami hit Japan，recovery remains years away．
More than 16，000 people died in the disaster and more than 470，000 were removed from their homes，says the Japanese Red Cross Society．Over 2，500 people are still missing and predicted dead．After pressure from survivors，the Japanese Coast Guard began underwater searches for the missing．
In Fukushima，more than 100，000 families still cannot return home，says the Red Cross Society．This is because of radioactive pollution from the damaged Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant．
In Japan，the disaster is known as "3-1-1"，marking the date five years ago．
It was really three disasters rolled into one．
"It started with an earthquake devastating（毀滅） in itself，then the tsunami，and then the radiation from the nuclear plant，" said Shioko Goto，a Japan expert at the Wilson Center in Washington，D．C.Goto said the disaster showed the world "Japanese resilience（快速恢復(fù)的能力） and Japanese unity．"
But it also showed shortcomings．Among the most notable，the long time it took to stabilize the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant after it was flooded from the tsunami，Goto said．That process took eight months．Another，Japan's dependence on nuclear power，she said．The disaster forced Japan to close all of its nuclear power plants，leaving parts of the country without electricity．
Goto offered up one major difference from the last major Japanese disaster，the 1995 Kobe Earthquake．In 2011，social media was everywhere，she said．Social media offered up plenty of "unfounded rumors and fearmongering（制造恐慌），" Goto said．
But it also kept pressure on Japanese authorities to do more．Chikara Yoshida lost his only son，a 43-year-old volunteer fireman，on March 11，2011．He and his daughter posted a petition（請愿書） on Facebook to restart underwater searches．It drew over 28，000 signatures，according to the Associated Press．
The Japanese Coast Guard announced that it would resume searches this week．There have also been complaints that reconstruction efforts in hard-hit northern Japanese communities have been too slow．This week，Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe said the government will respond．
（1）The number of the people who died in the disaster is．
A．more than 18，500
B．over 16，000
C．over 470，000
D．more than 2，500
（2）What are the three disasters rolling into one？
A．Nuclear power，tsunami and earthquake．
B．Flood，earthquake and tsunami．
C．Flood，tsunami and nuclear power．
D．Earthquake，tsunami and nuclear radiation．
（3）Which of the following statements is true？
A．In Fukushima，more than 10，000 families still cannot return home．
B．The disaster forced Japan to close most of its nuclear power plants．
C．Japanese authorities were forced to do more after the disaster．
D．Chikara Yoshida and his daughter posted a petition on the Associated Press．
（4）What can be inferred from the last paragraph？
A．The government can't afford such a large sum of money in reconstruction efforts．
B．People complained reconstruction efforts in hard-hit northern Japanese communities have been too slow．
C．People in hard-hit northern communities have had a happy life since the disaster．
D．The government may take measures to promote reconstruction．組卷：20引用：1難度：0.5
二、七選五（共10分）
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3．Would you know what to do if a fire started in your home？Take the time now to review the following safety tips，and your family will be prepared in time of a fire in your home：
（1）
An escape plan can help every member of a family get out of a burning house．The idea is to get outside quickly and safely．（2）So it is important to learn and remember the different ways out of your home．
Stay low
If you can see smoke in the house，stay low to the ground as you make your way to the exit． （3）You will breathe less smoke if you stay to the ground．Smoke naturally rises，so if there is smoke while you are using your escape route，staying low means you can crawl （爬） under most of it．
What if you can't get out right away？
If you can't get out fast because fire or smoke is stopping an escape route，you will want to yell for help．You can do this from an open window or call 911 if you have a phone with you．（4）Then，firefighters will have a hard time finding you．The sooner they find you，the sooner you both can get out．
If your clothes catch fire，what should you do？
Your clothes could catch fire during a fire or by accident if you step too close to a candle．If this happens，don't run!Instead，stop，drop to the ground，cover your face with your hands，and roll．This will cut off the air and put out the flames． （5）
A．An easy way to remember this is：Stop，Drop，and Roll!
B．Smoke from a fire can make it hard to see where things are．
C．Preventing fires is in the first place!
D．Know your way out
E．They will help prepare you for what you need to do in case of a fire．
F．Even if you are scared，never hide under the bed or in a closet．
G．L In a fire，smoke and poisonous （有毒的） air hurt more people，than the actual flames （火焰） do．組卷：78引用：6難度：0.5
三、完形填空（每小題1.5分，共30分）
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4．In 1989 an 8.2 earthquake hit America，killing over 30，000 people．A father （1）
wife safely at home and rushed to the （2）where his son was supposed to be （3）to discover that the building was as flat as a pancake．
Seeing this，he remembered the （4）he had made to his son："No matter what happens，I'll always be there for you！"Tears began to （5）his eyes．As he looked at the pile of （6）that once was the school，it looked （7），but he kept remembering his words to his son．
He began to （8）his attention towards where he （9）his son to class at school．Remembering his son's （10）had been in the back right corner of the building，he rushed there and started digging （11）the ruins．
He kept digging and digging．Hours later，other （12）parents tried to pull him off （13）had been his son's classroom，saying，"It's too late！They're all dead!Go home!There's nothing you can do!"
But the father kept digging for his son，stone by stone．The fire chief （14）and said，"Fires are breaking out．You're in （15）．Go home．"Hearing this，the American father，（16）very tired now，asked，"Are you going to help me？"
He went on （17）．He dug for 8 hours…12 hours…24 hours…36 hours…then，in the 38th hour，he heard his son's （18）．He screamed out his son's name，"ARMAND！"And he heard his son shout back，"Dad？!It's me，Dad！I told the other kids not to worry．I told them that if you were （19）you'd save us，you promised no matter what happens，you'd always be there for me！You did （20），Dad！"（1） A．left B．stayed C．reached D．had （2） A．house B．company C．school D．office （3） A．hardly B．mainly C．surprisingly D．only （4） A．belief B．promise C．decision D．a(chǎn)dvice （5） A．rise B．cover C．fill D．suffer （6） A．ruins B．disasters C．earth D．bricks （7） A．sad B．hopeless C．needless D．useless （8） A．a(chǎn)t B．in C．to D．on （9） A．walked B．let C．run D．seen （10） A．doorway B．situation C．classroom D．entrance （11） A．from B．through C．by D．a(chǎn)cross （12） A．cold-hearted B．well-meaning C．good-looking D．hard-working （13） A．who B．when C．whose D．what （14） A．showed up B．showed off C．got up D．got off （15） A．frustration B．difficulty C．danger D．fear （16） A．a(chǎn)nd B．but C．if D．though （17） A．lonely B．a(chǎn)lone C．together D．a(chǎn)s well （18） A．sound B．voice C．noise D．shout （19） A．right B．dead C．a(chǎn)live D．injured （20） A．that B．this C．one D．it 組卷：146引用：4難度：0.3
四、單句語法填空（每小題2分，共24分）
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5．There are many things in different areas
we can do to reduce the possible dangers of AIDS．組卷：15引用：2難度：0.9 -
6．My father has had a great effect
me since I was a little boy． He teaches me how to do a good person．組卷：8引用：2難度：0.9 -
7．George Orwell，
real name was Eric Arthur， wrote many political novels and essays．組卷：4引用：2難度：0.7 -
8．He
（damage） a car with a baseball bat last night．組卷：6引用：2難度：0.9
五、單句改錯（每小題2分，共20分）
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25．The strike caused a great delay in the deliver of the mail．
組卷：25引用：1難度：0.9 -
26．Deaths caused by the tsunami this year now stands for 138．
組卷：29引用：1難度：0.9