2022-2023學年江蘇省南京市鼓樓區(qū)金陵中學高一（上）期中英語試卷

第二部分 閱讀理解 （共兩節(jié)，滿分37.5分）第一節(jié) （共4小題，每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

• 1．There is a kind of woman in the world who has the ability to accomplish the difficult challenges of their own life and to inspire others to achieve great things.They're strong and independent，wise and successful，talented and brave，and can teach all of us a lot.
  Still Alice
     In this film，we can catch a glimpse of a family's relationships，fears，concerns and struggles.The film's main character Alice，aged 50，copes bravely with Alzheimer's disease：she's the perfect example of an iron-willed woman.
     Julianne Moore's amazing performance adds extra charm to this character.
  Erin Brockovich
     The film is about Erin Brockovich，a strong yet easily-hurt woman，but ordinary weakness is not allowed in her situation.She may not be a genius，but her persistence and concern for others allow her to achieve the impossible：a victory over a powerful and major corporation that is literally poisoning people.
     When you are about to give up on something，simply watch this movie for motivation.
  The Devil Wears Prada
     As assistant to impossibly demanding New York fashion magazine editor Miranda Priestly，young Andy Sachs has landed a job that "a million girls would die for." Unfortunately，her heaven-sent appointment as Miranda's assistant just might be the death of her!
     There's a very classic line in the film：Let me know when your whole life goes up in smoke.That means it's time for a promotion.
  Mona Lisa Smile
  This movie teaches you about dignity，courage and persistence，and the central theme is learning to have a mind of your own.
     Katherine Watson is a recent UCLA graduate hired to teach art history at the all-female Wellesley College，in 1953.Determined to face up to the outdated customs of society，Katherine inspires her traditional students to challenge the lives they are expected to lead.
  
  （1）Which film would you recommend to your grandmother if she were seriously ill？

  
  A．Erin Brockovich.
  B．Still Alice.
  C．Mona Lisa Smile.
  D．The Devil Wears Prada.
  （2）What does the film Erin Brockovich convey？

  
  A．Never ever compromise.
  B．Many hands make light work.
  C．Cross the bridge when you come to it.
  D．Don't put the cart before the horse.
  （3）What do the four films have in common？

  
  A．Winning a number of film awards.
  B．Singing high praise for great women.
  C．Naming all these films after women.
  D．Fighting for women's social status.
  組卷：16引用：5難度：0.6

  解析

• 2．Growing up，I thought math class was something to be endured，not enjoyed．I disliked memorizing formulas（公式）and taking tests，all for the dull goal of getting a good grade．One of my teachers told my mother that I was "slow"．But my problem wasn't with math itself．In fact，when a topic seemed particularly interesting，I would go to the library and read more about it．
     By high school，no one told me that I could become a professional mathematician．What I wanted to do then was to play college football．My ambition was to get an athletic scholarship to attend a Big Ten school．
     The chances of that happening were very low．But that didn't stop my coaches from encouraging me to believe I could reach my goal，and preparing and pushing me to work for it．They made video tapes of my performances and sent them to college coaches around the country．In the end，a Big Ten school，Penn State，did offer me a scholarship．
     I wish math teachers were more like football coaches．Students are affected by more than just the quality of a lesson plan．They also respond to the passion of their teachers and the engagement of their peers，and they seek a sense of purpose．They benefit from specific instructions and constant feedback（反饋）．
     Until I got to college，I didn't really know what mathematics was．I still thought of it as laborious（耗時費力的）calculations．Then my professor handed me a book and suggested that I think about a particular problem．It wasn't easy，but it was fascinating．My professor kept giving me problems，and I kept pursuing them．even though I couldn't always solve them immediately．The mathematical research I was doing had little in common with what I did in my high school classrooms．Instead，it was closer to the math and logic puzzles I did on my own as a boy．It gave me that same sense of wonder and curiosity，and it rewarded creativity．I am now a P h．D candidate in mathematics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology．
  
  （1）Why did the writer think math class in school was "something to be endured" before entering college？

  
  A．Because he wasn't interested in math．
  B．Because his math teachers didn't care to push him．
  C．Because he was too smart and talented for math class．
  D．Because he was training hard for an athletic scholarship．
  （2）According to the writer，students are affected by the following things from teachers or coaches EXCEPT

  ．
  A．a(chǎn) sense of purpose
  B．constant feedback
  C．passion
  D．specific instructions
  （3）We can conclude that after entering college，the writer

  ．
  A．was busy looking for math problems to solve
  B．studied on his own just as he was in high school
  C．met with laborious calculations in his studies
  D．began to realize what mathematics really is
  （4）What is the best title for the text？

  
  A．Interest is the best teacher
  B．Be the best-you can make it
  C．Math，taught like football
  D．Once your teacher，always your teacher
  組卷：11引用：2難度：0.6

  解析

• 3．As people across the globe struggled with higher levels of stress，depression and anxiety this past year，many turned to their favorite comfort foods：ice cream，pizza，hamburgers.But studies in recent years suggest that the high-sugar and high-fat foods when we are stressed or depressed，as comforting as they may seem，are the least likely to benefit our mental health.Instead，whole foods such as vegetables，fruit，fish，eggs，nuts may be a better bet.
      Historically，nutrition research has focused largely on how the foods we eat affect our physical health，rather than our mental health，though.Over the years，large population studies have found that people assigned to follow a Mediterranean diet for three months had greater reductions in symptoms of depression after three months compared to a control group.
     Public health experts around the world have started encouraging people to adopt lifestyle behaviors like exercise，sound sleep，a heart-healthy diet and avoiding smoking that may reduce inflammation （發(fā)炎） and have benefits for the brain.Individual clinicians are already including nutrition into their work with patients.Dr.Drew Ramsey，a clinical professor at the Columbia University，begins his meetings with new patients by exploring their diet.He asks what they eat，learns their favorite foods，and finds out if foods that he considers important for the connection are missing from their diets，such as plants，seafood.
     Dr.Ramsey said he does not want people to think that the only factor involved in brain heath is food. "Lots of people get their food exactly right，live very active lives，and still have significant troubles with their mental health，" he said.But he also teaches people that food can be empowering. "We can't control our genes，" he said. "But we can control how we eat，and that gives people actionable things that they can do to take care of their brain health on a daily basis."
  
  （1）What do previous nutrition studies mainly focus on？

  
  A．How our diets affect our mental health.
  B．How our diets affect our physical health.
  C．How our mental health affects our diets.
  D．How our physical health affects our diets.
  （2）Why are individual clinicians including nutrition into their work with patients？

  
  A．They try to cater to their patients' needs.
  B．They are questioning public health experts.
  C．They want to prove the effectiveness of healthy diets.
  D．They have accepted the findings of large population studies.
  （3）Which of the following might Dr.Ramsey agree with？

  
  A．Some connection exists between our diets and mental health.
  B．People can control their genes as well as how they eat.
  C．People living active lives will not have mental problems.
  D．Eating a healthy diet is going to cure depression.
  （4）What is the main idea of the text？

  
  A．People with anxiety usually turn to food for comfort.
  B．The daily diet is the factor connected with brain health.
  C．Controlling the way we eat is likely to benefit our mental health.
  D．Having a high-sugar diet can reduce symptoms of depression.
  組卷：47引用：4難度：0.5

  解析

• 4．Back in Brisbane，Australia，for the Christmas break，I found myself in a public transport dead zone.Bikeless，7 kilometers from where I was meeting friends and unwilling to get a taxi，I decided to borrow an electric scooter.The trip took far longer than it would have by bike，mainly because of a major spill halfway there.A rock，hit at speed，is a terrible thing：weeks later，I still had the red knees of a primary schooler.
     E-scooters have appeared in Brisbane like a rash.In the UK，they are legal only on private land，but the Department for Transport is discussing how to regulate them on public roads and pathways，with the potential for legalisation later this year.
     Other cities that have e-scooter rental programs have had teething problems.In Paris，mayor Anne Hidalgo described the situation last year as messy.She has announced that the city is reducing its number of e-scooters to 15，000 and plans to create laws banning them from pavements（人行道）.France has put into force laws limiting e-scooter speeds to 25 kilometres per hour.
     Similar to dockless（無樁的） hire bicycles，e-scooters are parked on pavements and people leave them up trees or throw them into rivers.Rough handling shortens their lifetime，which is bad for both profitability and the environment.Analysis suggests that the average e-scooter's lifetime is just three months.
     I think e-scooters are an essential part of the effort to make city transport greener.They are seen as a solution to the "last mile" problem - a potential way to reduce transport jam by rapidly getting someone to their final destination.Cars can take up 28 times the space of a person riding a bicycle.
     As far as the environmental effect goes，recent research suggests that e-scooters are not as green as walking or cycling，but they are still better than cars.And despite numerous reports of serious accidents，scooting is about as safe as cycling.
     Stephen Gossling at Lund University in Sweden has suggested we build car-free "micromobility" streets，where cyclists，pedestrians （行人） and e-scooters could share the road.He thinks this will reduce accident risks and invite more vulnerable（易受傷害的） traffic participants，such as children，to become active transport users.
     If more e-scooters mean fewer cars on roads，an improvement in local air quality is also a likely outcome.When 20 kilometers of roads in central London closed for World Car-Free Day last September，a temporary air quality monitor in Regent Street reportedly registered a 60% drop in nitrogen dioxide.
  
  （1）What does the underlined part "a major spill" in Paragraph 1 probably mean？

  
  A．A serious fall.
  B．A sudden illness.
  C．A legal defense.
  D．A terrible breakdown.
  （2）What do we know about e-scooters in Paris？

  
  A．They are illegal on pavements.
  B．They are already out of fashion.
  C．They are facing more restrictions.
  D．They are more common on private land.
  （3）What is the author's opinion of e-scooters？

  
  A．They are not as safe as cycling.
  B．They stand up to rough handling.
  C．They are as green as cycling or walking.
  D．They play a big role in the "last mile" problem.
  （4）What is Stephen Gossling's suggestion？

  
  A．To set up more care-free days.
  B．To invite more cyclists to use e-scooters.
  C．To get vulnerable pedestrians off the road.
  D．To separate cars from e-scooters on the road.
  組卷：9引用：2難度：0.5

  解析

第二節(jié)（共1小題， 每小題2.5分， 滿分12.5分）

• 5．Not long ago，no one understood that infectious diseases were caused by tiny organisms that moved from person to person.Even now，although we know that tiny living microbes cause disease，how they do so is not always obvious. （1）

  They can also be transmitted through our skin through insect or animal bites.The best way to prevent infections is to block pathogens（病原體） from entering the body.
     The first line of defense is to keep germs at bay by following good personal health habits.Wash your hands well.You probably wash your hands after using the bathroom，before preparing or eating food，and after gardening or other dirty tasks.（2）

  Wet your hands thoroughly.Lather（起泡沫） up with soap or cleanser，and rub it into the palms and backs of your hands and your wrists.Be sure to clean your fingertips，under your nails and between your fingers.Wash under running water. （3）

  
     Whether you are young or young at heart，getting vaccinated（接種疫苗） is an essential part of staying healthy. （4）

  such as a temporarily sore arm or low fever，they are generally safe and effective.Vaccinations are essential if you are to avoid getting sick.In general，children should receive the recommended childhood vaccinations.Adults should make sure their vaccinations are up to date.When travelling abroad，check with your health care provider about additional immunisations （免疫）.
     （5）

  Stay clear of wild animals.Many wild animals，including bats，foxes and coyotes，can spread the virus to humans by biting.Keep your pets away from wild animals，too.Dogs，cats or any other type of warm-blooded animals can pick up the virus and pass the virus along to people.
  
  A.Dry your hands and wrists thoroughly.
  B.Use animal control to prevent infections.
  C.While vaccines may cause some common side effects，
  D.Although vaccines cannot prevent some rare diseases，
  E.Other wild animals cannot transmit the virus and other infections.
  F.We do know that most microbes enter through openings in the body.
  G.You should also wash up after blowing your nose，coughing，or sneezing.
  組卷：11引用：2難度：0.5

  解析

第三部分 完形填空（共1小題， 每小題20分， 滿分20分）

• 6．Whenever Michael Carl，the fashion market director at Vanity Fair，goes out to dinner with friends，he plays something called the "phone stack" game：Everyone（1）

  their phones in the middle of the table；whoever looks at their device before the check arrives（2）

  for dinner.
     Brandon Holley，the former editor of Lucky magazine，had trouble（3）

  her mobile phone when she got home from work.So about six months ago，she（4）

  putting her phone into a milk tin the moment she walked in.It remains there until after dinner.And Mare Jacobs，the fashion designer，didn't（5）

  to sleep close to a noisy phone.So he（6）

  digital devices from his bedroom—a house rule he（7）

  with audiences during a recent screening of Disconnect，a film that shows how technology has alienated （使疏遠） people from one another.
     As smart phones（8）

  to make their way into our lives，and wearable devices like Google Glass（9）

  to destroy our personal space even further，users are carving out their own device-free zones.Whether it's a physical barrier （no ipads at the dinner table） or a conceptual one （turn off devices by 11 p.m.），users say these disconnecting（10）

  are improving their relationships - and（11）

  their brains.
     "Disconnecting is something that we all（12）

  ，" said Lesley M.M.Blume，a New York writer who keeps her phone away from the dinner table at home. "The expectation that we must always be（13）

  to employers，colleagues and family creates a real problem in trying to（14）

  private time.But that private time is more important than ever."
     A popular method for disconnecting is to choose a box for your cellphone，like the milk tin that Ms.Holley uses. "（15）

  my phone is buzzing or lighting up，it's still a distraction，so it（16）

  in the box." said Ms.Holley.Others choose new（17）

  . "No screens after 11 p.m." said Ari.Melber，a TV host. "Now evenings are more（18）

  and I am sleeping better." he added.
     Sleep is a big factor，which is why some（19）

  to leave their phones out of their bedrooms. "I don't want to sleep next to something full of photos and emails." said Peter Som，a fashion designer，who keeps his phone charging in the living room overnight. "It（20）

  is a headclearer and distinguishes daytime and sleep time."
  
  

  （1）	A．piles	B．a(chǎn)llocates	C．a(chǎn)rranges	D．places
  （2）	A．pays	B．waits	C．prepares	D．reaches
  （3）	A．examining	B．missing	C．ignoring	D．finding
  （4）	A．stopped	B．began	C．forgot	D．suggested
  （5）	A．hate	B．expect	C．want	D．refuse
  （6）	A．banned	B．lost	C．collected	D．a(chǎn)djusted
  （7）	A．talked	B．a(chǎn)greed	C．shared	D．provided
  （8）	A．intend	B．continue	C．choose	D．happen
  （9）	A．defend	B．threaten	C．improve	D．occupy
  （10）	A．techniques	B．performances	C．manners	D．a(chǎn)chievements
  （11）	A．yet	B．ever	C．just	D．even
  （12）	A．learn	B．consider	C．need	D．a(chǎn)ccept
  （13）	A．dependable	B．a(chǎn)ppealing	C．convenient	D．a(chǎn)vailable
  （14）	A．figure out	B．set aside	C．save up	D．take up
  （15）	A．If	B．Unless	C．Until	D．Although
  （16）	A．a(chǎn)cts	B．files	C．goes	D．plays
  （17）	A．games	B．orders	C．steps	D．rules
  （18）	A．relaxing	B．urgent	C．flexible	D．upsetting
  （19）	A．a(chǎn)dmit	B．prefer	C．refuse	D．permit
  （20）	A．finally	B．rarely	C．definitely	D．originally
  組卷：15引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

第四部分 語法填空（共1小題， 每小題1.5分， 滿分15分）

• 7．At this year's Singles' Day shopping spree （狂歡），domestic brands （1）

  （fill） up the shopping cart of Wang Xinyi， （2）

  university student from Southwest China's Chongqing.
      "Most of us choose domestic products owing to the fact （3）

  they are cost-effective and high in quality" said Wang， （4）

  bought daily necessities，clothes and digital products made by local brands during last week's shopping festival.
      Wang said many young Chinese（5）

  （increase） chose domestic brands，（6）

  （add） that this trend could not only satisfy consumers' needs but incorporate （融入） traditional Chinese culture into the products.
      Nearly 70% of post-90s and around 80% of post-00s generations prefer to buy domestic brands.Young consumers have （7）

  （strong） confidence and a higher sense of national identity than those of other groups.Overall，Chinese people's interest in domestic products increased by 528 percent （8）

  （compare） with 10 years ago.
      The （9）

  （improve） in quality and branding have helped promote domestic products.Besides，domestic brands have become popular among young consumers due to their （10）

  （innovate） use of traditional Chinese elements and culture.
  組卷：21引用：4難度：0.9

  解析

第五部分 詞匯填空（共20小題， 每小題1分， 滿分20分）

• 8．On account of this new way to study，I could

  （靈活地） put what we've learnt in practice.
  組卷：6引用：1難度：0.7

  解析

• 9．You owed him an a

  for what you said at the meeting.
  組卷：3引用：1難度：0.7

  解析

第五部分 詞匯填空（共20小題， 每小題1分， 滿分20分）

• 27．O

  ，we had planned a tour of England but we didn't make it in the end.
  組卷：2引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

第六部分 書面表達（滿分15分）

• 28．假定你是李華，你的英國朋友Philip 送給你一本英語讀物，你讀后收獲頗多。請你給他寫一封email，內(nèi)容包括：
  1.表示感謝；
  2.分享閱讀收獲。
  注意：
  1.詞數(shù)80左右；
  2.可適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。
  組卷：4引用：6難度：0.5

  解析