2021-2022學年江蘇省南京市鼓樓區(qū)金陵中學高二（上）期末英語試卷

第一部分 聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分7.5分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項. 聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。

• 1．What changed about the restaurant？
  A.The food is better.
  B.Smoking is prohibited.
  C.The service has improved.
  組卷：0引用：3難度：0.9

  解析

• 2．What is the relationship between the speakers？
  A． Mother and son．
  B． Uncle and niece．
  C． Brother and sister．
  組卷：1引用：3難度：0.9

  解析

• 3．What does the woman want to do？
  A. Meet Mrs. Green.
  B. Talk with the manager.
  C. Wait for Mr. Green.
  組卷：0引用：3難度：0.0

  解析

• 4．Where does the man advise to go this winter？
  A.Corsica.
  B.Bali.
  C.The Bahamas.
  組卷：0引用：2難度：0.9

  解析

• 5．How does the woman feel about attending the class party？
  A.Excited.
  B.Uncertain.
  C.Scared.
  組卷：0引用：2難度：0.9

  解析

第二節(jié) （共5小題，每問1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白.每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中 選出最佳選項.聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間.每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。

• 6．（1）Why is the woman talking to the man？
  A. To recheck his schedule.
  B. To invite him to her home.
  C. To ask about his new job.
  （2）What will the man do this Thursday evening？
  A. Work all night on duty.
  B. Participate in activities.
  C. Wait for a call.
  組卷：0引用：2難度：0.0

  解析

• 7．（1）What can we learn from the man？
  A.His car is lent to his friend.
  B.He's missed an art exhibition.
  C.He is fond of art.
  （2）How will the speakers go to the art gallery ？
  A.By car
  B.By subway.
  C.By bus.
  組卷：1引用：2難度：0.0

  解析

• 8．（1）What is the woman doing？
  A， Introducing a store to the man.
  B. Buying vegetables with the man.
  C. Asking for information about a store.
  （2）What is the greatest advantage of Sunflower？
  A. Its low price.
  B. Its amazing selection.
  C. Its convenient location.
  （3）What does the woman think of the vegetables of Sunflower？
  A. Not fresh.
  B. A bit expensive.
  C Rarely seen at other stores.
  組卷：0引用：2難度：0.0

  解析

• 9．（1）What are the speakers mainly talking about？
  A. A travel plan.
  B. A flight.
  C. The dates.
  （2）How long are the speakers planning to go？
  A. For about two weeks.
  B. For about three weeks.
  C. For about four weeks.
  （3）How much money do the speakers need at the most？
  A. ＄4，000.
  B. ＄5.000.
  C. ＄6，000.
  （4）What are the speakers going to do next？
  A. Meet a travel agent
  B. Withdraw some money.
  C. Do some shopping.
  組卷：0引用：2難度：0.0

  解析

• 10．聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。
  （1）How long was the team working on the project？
  A.For 4 years.
  B.For 8 years.
  C.For 10 years.
  （2）Who is the team leader？
  A.Lydia.
  B.Tomas.
  C.Moradi.
  （3）Which car did the team recreate？
  A.An Iranian one.
  B.An Italian one.
  C.A British one.
  （4）What was the engineers' primary goal？
  A.To develop a unique car.
  B.To put super sports cars into mass production.
  C.To learn how to make a sports car by themselves.
  組卷：0引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

第二部分 閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分37.5分）第一節(jié)（共4小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

• 11．Brooklyn Children's Museum Founded in 1899 as the country's first museum specifically made for children，today's BCM is comprehensive，with a permanent collection of 30，000 objects，including musical instruments，masks and dolls.Kids love the interactive World Brooklyn，a small cityscape lined by stores where children can pretend to be working grown-ups.
  Children's Museum of Manhattan Looking for interactive art that welcomes curious minds？Then head to Inside Art，the current show up at CMOM，which lets your little ones climb in and over and all around the exhibits.It's ideas like this that make the 40，000-square-foot so special.Learning about culture，history and science is a pride for kids aged six and under.CMOM also hosts classes-like Gross Biology for kids who are interested in insects-all designed with the latest child-development research in mind.
  DiMenna Children's History Museum The hands-on displays at this kid-focused arm of the New York Historical Society transport children back through 350 years of US history，with a special focus on NYC.Children are encouraged to climb around and interact with exhibits that highlight the lives of kids who grew up to become famous doctors，athletes and political figures.Little New Yorkers can get in on sing-alongs and crafts.Other family programs include cooking classes，games and story hours.
  Staten Island Children's Museum Staten Island Children's Museum nurtures creativity.It offers hands-on experiences like the Block Harbor （plenty of blocks to play with!），larger-than-life games like Connect Four and Dominoes，and even the opportunity to climb through a human-sized anthill or play firefighter at Ladder 11，so you'll find immersive fun around every corner.Don't forget to stop by Green Living Room powered by the wind energy where the kids can learn about ways to reduce our carbon footprint.
  
  （1）Who is most likely to be the target reader of this article？

  
  A．Scholars.
  B．Teachers.
  C．Parents.
  D．Children.
  （2）In which museum can children learn about the early life of some celebrities？

  
  A．Brooklyn Children's Museum.
  B．Children's Museum of Manhattan.
  C．DiMenna Children's History Museum.
  D．Staten Island Children's Museum.
  （3）Which is an advantage of Staten Island Children's Museum？

  
  A．It provides children with real life working experiences.
  B．It allows children to immerse themselves in observing ants.
  C．It gives lessons on how to develop children's creativity.
  D．It raises children's awareness of environmental protection.
  組卷：8引用：3難度：0.6

  解析

• 12．Two high school students have identified four new planets in distant space about 200-light-years from Earth，making them "the youngest astronomers" to make such a discovery.
     Kartik Pingle，16，and Jasmine Wright，18，who both attend schools in Massachusetts，participated in the Student Research Mentoring Program （SRMP）.With the help of Tansu Daylan，an MIT doctor for Astrophysics and Space Research，the students studied and analyzed data from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite （TESS）.Together they focused on Tess Object of Interest （TOI） 1233，a nearby，bright sun-like star and here they found four planets rotating （旋轉(zhuǎn)） around the star. "We were looking to see changes in light over time，" Pingle explained， "the idea is that if the planet transits the star，or passes in front of it，it would periodically cover up the star and decrease its brightness."
     While studying 1233，Pingle and Wright had at least hoped to find one planet，but were overwhelmed with joy when a total of four were spotted. "I was very excited and very shocked." Wright said. "We knew this was the goal of Daylan's research，but to actually find a multi-planetary system，and be part of the discovering team，was really cool."
     Three of the newly discovered planets are considered as "sub-Neptunes"，which are gaseous （氣態(tài)的），but smaller than the Neptune that lives in our solar system.While observing the planets，the team determined each one completes their orbit around 1233 every six to 19.5 days.However，the fourth planet is labeled a "super-Earth" for its large size and rockiness---this one orbits around the star in just under four days.
     "We have long been studying planets beyond our solar system and with multi-planetary systems，the two young students are kind of hitting the jackpot.They are really blessed." Daylan said， "The planets originated from the same disk of matter around the same star，but they ended up being different planets with different atmospheres and different climates due to their different orbits.So，we would like to understand the fundamental processes of planet formation and evolution using this planetary system."
     Daylan added that it was a "win-win" to work with Pingle and Wright on the study. "As a researcher，I really enjoy interacting with young brains that are open to experimentation and learning and have minimal bias." he said， "I also think it is very beneficial to high school students，since they get exposure to cutting-edge research and this prepares them quickly for a research career."
  
  （1）How did the two students identify the four planets？

  
  A．By helping professor Tansu Daylan with the data.
  B．By analyzing the change of brightness of star 1233.
  C．By studying Neptune that lives in our solar system.
  D．By interacting with other young talented brains.
  （2）What is special about the discovery？

  
  A．It was made by two high school students.
  B．It was made with an innovative approach.
  C．It was meant to be made by Tansu Daylan.
  D．It found the largest number of planets at a time.
  （3）Which of the following is closest in meaning to "hitting the jackpot" in paragraph 5？

  
  A．Making a discovery difficultly.
  B．Achieving the goal easily.
  C．Succeeding in something luckily.
  D．Performing a task carefully.
  （4）According to the article，what benefits does the study bring？

  
  A．It allows the scientists to work with young people without prejudice.
  B．It equips future astronomers with better researching capabilities.
  C．It provides more perspectives and thus boosts more discoveries.
  D．It arouses students' interest in exploring the unknown universe.
  組卷：11引用：6難度：0.6

  解析

• 13．Like the move from horse-drawn carriages to vehicles powered by internal-combustion engines，the change from cars powered by fossil fuels to electric vehicles （EVs） will have a profound effect on personal transport.The Epidemic worldwide caused a 20% drop in global light vehicle sales in 2020，to about 70 m，but they pick up in 2021.And the proportion of vehicles powered by batteries will grow quickly.
     The increasing share price of Tesla，provides a big motivation for newcomers to catch up.Tesla may lead in battery technology and software，but to make those advantages stick，it must prove that "production hell" is behind it.Scaling up manufacturing has caused Tesla its biggest headaches.
     Big name carmakers face an equally discouraging challenge：learning how to write software.Electric cars require integrated software，not just to ensure that batteries and motors work together to provide the best performance，but to connect the car to the outside world.
     And what of the Tesla followers，from China's Li，Nio and Xpeng to American firms such as Fisker，Lucid and Nikola？Cash from excitable investors has poured in and it is the same with big name carmakers-as are tech giants，keen to get involved as transport goes digital.Can the followers persuade investors that they have patent technology that will give them a long-term advantage？
     Eye-catching Advertisements of vehicles are one thing，but as the industry's trouble shows，working out how to make cars at scale，when softwares are as important as brakes and bodywork，is quite another.The coming year will make clearer which of Tesla's competitors，new and old，can stay in race.
  
  （1）Which word best describes the trend of electric cars industry？

  
  A．Uncertain.
  B．Challenging.
  C．Disappointing.
  D．Promising.
  （2）Why is Tesla in trouble？

  
  A．Its production capacity has become a bottleneck.
  B．It may lose its advantage in software writing.
  C．Its advertising is considered to be exaggerating.
  D．It has to compete with many capable newcomers.
  （3）Which statement about Tesla's competitors is TRUE？

  
  A．Their share prices are catching up with those of Tesla.
  B．They are all receiving money from eager investors.
  C．Their problem lies in improving brakes and bodywork.
  D．They are mostly well-established companies.
  （4）Which is the best title of the passage？

  
  A．New EV Companies Are Catching up
  B．The Battle Within the EV Industry
  C．Electric Cars-Your Future Choice
  D．Production Capacity-a Headache of EV Industry
  組卷：8引用：2難度：0.6

  解析

• 14．There is something to be said for being a generalist，even if you are a specialist.Knowing a little about a lot of things that interest you can add to the richness of a whole，well-lived life.
     Society pushes us to specialize，to become experts.This requires commitment to a particular occupation，branch of study or research.The drawback to being specialists is we often come to know more and more about less and less.There is a great deal of pressure to master one's field.You may pursue training，degrees，or increasing levels of responsibility at work.Then you discover the pressure of having to keep up.
     Some people seem willing to work around the clock in their narrow specialty.But such commitment can also weaken a sense of freedom.These specialists could work at the office until ten each night，then look back and realize they would have loved to have gone home and enjoyed the sweetness of their family and friends，or traveled to exciting places，meeting interesting people.Mastering one thing to the exclusion（排 除）of others can hold back your true spirit.
     Generalists，on the other hand，know a lot about a wide range of subjects and view the whole with all its connections.They are people of ability，talent，and enthusiasm who can bring their broad perspective into specific fields of expertise（專長）.The doctor who is also a poet and philosopher is a superior doctor，one who can give so much more to his patients than just good medical skills.
     Things are connected.Let your expertise in one field fuel your passions in all related areas.Some of your interests may not appear to be connected but，once you explore their depths，you discover that they are.My editor Toni，who is also a writer，has edited several history books.She has decided to study Chinese history.Fascinated by the structural beauty of the Forbidden City as a painter，she is equally interested to learn more about Chinese philosophy. "I don't know where it will lead，but I'm excited I'm on this pursuit."
     These expansions into new worlds help us by giving us new perspectives.We begin to see the interconnectedness of one thing to another in all aspects of our life，of ourselves and the universe.Develop broad，general knowledge and experience.The universe is all yours to explore and enjoy.
  
  （1）What is good about being a generalist？

  
  A．You don't need to be pushed by society.
  B．You will need to know less and less.
  C．You know more about your occupation.
  D．You can enjoy your life to the fullest.
  （2）Paragraph 3 mainly talks about specialists'

  .
  A．choices
  B．limitations
  C．regrets
  D．expectations
  （3）According to the author，a superior doctor is one who

  .
  A．is fully aware of his talent and ability
  B．should love poetry and philosophy
  C．brings knowledge of other fields to work
  D．is a committed specialist in medicine
  （4）What does the author intend to show with the example of Toni？

  
  A．Passion alone does not ensure a person's success.
  B．In-depth exploration makes discoveries possible.
  C．Seemingly unrelated interests are in a way connected.
  D．Everyone has a chance to succeed in their pursuit.
  組卷：10引用：3難度：0.6

  解析

第五部分 寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分15分）第一節(jié) 應用文（滿分15分）

• 42．假定你是校英語網(wǎng)絡公號（public account）"JZ英語"主編。一年來，你忙于學業(yè)，遲遲沒有更新。2022年新年首日，你決定發(fā)布一篇稿件，內(nèi)容要點如下：
  1.解釋沒有更新的原因并道歉；
  2.倡議同學們除了埋頭做題，也要做一些拓展眼界的事情（至少舉例2條），并簡述意義。
  3.公號內(nèi)容的新年展望。
  注意：
  1.80詞左右。
  2.不得出現(xiàn)真實人名、地名。
  3.稿件的開頭和落款已給出。
  4.可適當補充、調(diào)整細節(jié)以使行文得體、流暢。
  Dear readers，
  ____________
  Editor of JZ English
  組卷：0引用：1難度：0.6

  解析

第二節(jié) 讀后續(xù)寫（滿分25分）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。

• 43．Whether we notice it or not，our child is a little reflection of ourselves.They grow up looking more and more like us.They even have similar personalities and hobbies.And in some cases，the standard of choosing a good friend.
      One day，my 10-year-old Jane said， "Mom，I made a new friend at school today.Can she come over tomorrow？" Her words made me extremely happy because Jane was a shy girl and I wanted her to make some friends to bring her out of her shell.
      "Sure，honey，that sounds great." I said，thinking back to my own childhood best friend，Susan.We lived across the street from each other in Washington Heights，New York.We met at the age of 10，too.Like my daughter，I was shy and had trouble making friends.But Susan drew me out.She was one of the friendliest people in school，with shiny black hair and a mile-wide smile.Thanks to Susan.I was happy every day.
      In senior high school，Susan went on a trip to Florida.This was the first time we had to be away from each other for a few days. "I'll be back soon and I will write to you as soon as I arrive." she told me.But I didn't get her phone call nor receive any mail from her.Soon，my family moved to New Jersey，making my hope of seeing Susan impossible.
      Whenever I thought of her，tears came into my eyes.
      The next day Jane brought her new friend home. "Hi，Mrs.Smith." the little girl said.Her hair was so shiny and black and she gave me a big smile. "My name is Jo.My mom will pick me up 2 hours later."
  注意：
  1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應為150左右；
  2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。
  Paragraph1：
      I was puzzled because my daughter's new friend looked so familiar.____________
  Paragraph 2：
      Two hours passed really quickly，and there was a knock on the door.____________
  組卷：4引用：3難度：0.3

  解析