2022-2023學(xué)年甘肅省定西市安定區(qū)福臺(tái)高級(jí)中學(xué)高三（上）期中英語(yǔ)試卷

第一部分 閱讀理解（共4小題；每小題6分，滿(mǎn)分30分）第一節(jié) （共4小題； 每小題6分，滿(mǎn)分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂

• 1．Comets orbiting（圍繞……運(yùn)動(dòng)）a distant star have been found to contain water，and it is the first time the factor considered key to life has been discovered in objects circling a star other than our sun.
     The discovery，announced by scientists Wednesday，adds weight to the theory that other planetary systems may be similar to our own and may contain chemicals that are essential to the formation of life as we know it.
     Scientists have no way of knowing whether life ever existed on any comets or planets orbiting this particular star，known as CW Leonis and located some 3，000 trillion miles （4，800 trillion kilometers）from the Earth in the constellation Leo（獅子座）．
     But they are sure that no life could exist there now.That is because as it burns out the last of its nuclear fuel，the star has swallowed and increased in brightness，swallowing nearby objects and melting comets in orbits as distant as Neptune（海王星）is from the sun releasing the water that astronomers spotted using a radio telescope in other space.
     "It's funny that the existence of these bodies is measured through their destruction，" said Gary Melnick，chief scientist on the project and an astronomer at the HarvardSmithsonian Center for Astrophysics in Cambridge，Massachusetts.
     Mr.Melnick said the discovery was of particular importance because if there was a pool of water farther from the star，there could have been water closer to the star，supporting the idea that life may have existed outside our solar system.
     Comets are believed to have helped build life on Earth，Mr.Melnick and other scientists said.Besides bringing water to the oceans，they are also thought to have transported important chemicals as they flew quickly through the Earth's atmosphere in past long time.
     "Comets are some of the smaller bodies in the solar system and form the seeds of planets themselves，"said Saavik Ford，a graduate student at Johns Hopkins University who first suggested that the water may have come from steaming comets."The fact that we found water is interesting because it is a necessary condition for the formation of life."
     This discovery is causing many discussions in the science world，which especially makes astronomers excited.Perhaps it will bring us more new ways to think of the space and other things.It seems that we have gone further in exploring space than before.
  
  （1）According to the passage，water

  .
  A．is the necessary matter of life
  B．is the necessary matter of chemicals
  C．has transported important chemicals
  D．comes from comets
  （2）What does this discovery suggest？

  
  A．We do better than before in the search of water.
  B．We do better than before in the search of rare things.
  C．We do better than before in comets.
  D．We do better than before in studying space.
  （3）Which one of the following statements is TRUE？

  
  A．This discovery is causing many panics.
  B．People think that comets have helped build life on Earth.
  C．The discovery was cancelled by scientists Wednesday.
  D．Mr.Melnick said the discovery wasn't of particular importance.
  組卷：1引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

• 2．As the forceful king of Macedonia（馬其頓），Alexander the Great overthrew the Persian Empire，becoming a hero that would survive centuries after his death.
     Born in 356 B．C.，Alexander Ⅲ was the son of Philip Ⅱ and Olympias.Alexander's parents wanted him to receive the finest education，and arranged for him to study under Aristotle，regarded as one of the greatest scholars.
     Alexander's father was a strong leader.Philip Ⅱ built an impressive army and established the Macedonian kingdom；he was even planning to attack Persia shortly before his death.
     In 336 B．C.，Philip Ⅱ was murdered by one of his guards.Although it was obvious that the guard had a personal hatred，there were clues that other people were related to it.
     After Alexander was cleared as a suspect，he succeeded his father without opposition，and killed those said to be responsible for his father's murder，as well as all rivals.He was then just 20 years old.He then prepared to attack Persia.
     In the spring of 334 B．C.，Alexander led the army made up of nearly 50，000 soldiers into Asia，which is called "the most powerful military expedition（遠(yuǎn)征）ever to leave Greece"．He soundly defeated the Persian army at the Granicus River，sending a strong message to Darius Ⅲ，leader of the Persian Empire.
     In 333 B．C.，Alexander faced Darius at Issus，a mountain pass.The Macedonian army was greatly outnumbered but able to work the narrow mountain passageway to their advantage.Darius managed to escape.Continuing down the Mediterranean Coast，Alexander took every city in his path.
     In 332 B．C.Alexander declared Egypt to be part of the Greek Empire and was crowned Pharaoh（法老）．
     When Alexander left Egypt in 331 B．C.，he defeated the Persians again and was crowned leader of Asia.
     In 323 B．C.，however，Alexander developed a fever on the way back home and died 10 days later at Babylon.He was just 33 years old.
  
  （1）The underlined word "succeeded" in Paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to "

  "．
  A．followed
  B．supported
  C．continued
  D．replaced
  （2）What can we know about Philip Ⅱ's death？

  
  A．He was killed by someone intending to take power from him.
  B．Alexander sent someone who hated Philip Ⅱ to kill him.
  C．His death was related to his plan of fighting Persia.
  D．The murder might be organized by a group of people.
  （3）The Macedonian army could defeat the Persians at Issus mainly because

  .
  A．Darius didn't command his army in the battlefield
  B．the Macedonian soldiers were more than the Persian soldiers
  C．the Macedonian soldiers could fight better at the mountain pass
  D．Macedonia was more powerful than the Persian Empire
  （4）In which order did Alexander do the following things？

  
  a．Totally overthrew the Persian Empire.
  b．Defeated the Persian army at Issus.
  c．Was crowned Pharaoh of Egypt.
  d．Defeated the Persian army at the Granicus River.
  e．Became the leader of Macedonia.
  A．e，d，b，c，a
  B．d，e，a，c，b
  C．e，b，d，c，a
  D．d，a，c，e，b
  組卷：0引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

• 3．ChiChi weighs only 13 pounds．"He's so tiny，I can carry him with one hand，" says Mary Lane．"Most people see him and think he's useless．"
     But last October，ChiChi proved to be more than just a pretty face．Mary and her husband，Rick，were relaxing on the beach one afternoon while on vacation in North Carolina's Outer Banks．As usual，ChiChi was lying on his blanket in his own little beach chair．
     "We had our noses buried in books，"recalls Rick，"when suddenly the dog became extremely uneasy．His bark was different from anything we had heard before．And he would not let us ignore him．"
     ChiChi ran back and forth in front of his chair as if to run down the beach．The Lanes sat up to see two elderly women in the ocean，about 100 yards down the beach and 10 feet off shore．One was on her back，her head under the waves．The other was struggling hard to keep her friend's head above the surface．
     The Lanes rushed across the sand and into the surf．Rick went to the woman in danger of drowning，while Mary held fast on to the other one and pulled her up on the beach．"Then I went back to help Rick，" Mary says．"The sand dropped off steeply，and a riptide（激流）was beating the woman under．She was completely helpless．"
     Not getting well from recent knee surgery，the woman had been unable to turn over or push herself up．"Her friend had been in danger too，" Mary says．"The waves were pushing her around．There's no way she could have held on much longer．"
     The women hadn't called out for help．"They were struggling so hard that there was no time for screaming，" Mary recalls．"But ChiChi had sensed their danger．"
     Duty done，ChiChi was back in his chair，asleep，by the time the two women were on dry ground and the Lanes had returned to their blankets．Luckily，the women were fine，though shaken．They thanked the Lanes for saving their lives．
     Back home in Greensboro，North Carolina，the Lanes ordered a special collar with the words "Hero Dog" on it．
  
  （1）How does ChiChi impress the people around it？

  
  A．It is adorable．
  B．It is of no use．
  C．It is very ugly．
  D．It is too small．
  （2）When the two women were struggling in the ocean，what were the Lanes doing？

  
  A．They were sleeping soundly．
  B．They were bathing in the sun．
  C．They were wiping their noses．
  D．They were absorbed in reading．
  （3）Why did ChiChi run back and forth in front of his chair？

  
  A．It sensed that a danger was upon them．
  B．It smelled there was a storm on the way．
  C．It was trying to draw its master's attention．
  D．There was something wrong with its master．
  （4）Why couldn't the woman get out of the water？

  
  A．She was bitten by a shark．
  B．Her friend didn't offer help．
  C．She was too weak to stay awake．
  D．There was something wrong with her knee．
  組卷：1引用：2難度：0.6

  解析

第三部分：寫(xiě)作（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分10分）第一節(jié) 短文改錯(cuò)（共1小題；每小題10分，滿(mǎn)分10分）

• 8．假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫(xiě)的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改
  增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（^），并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。
  刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(xiàn)（\）劃掉。
  修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線(xiàn)，并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞。
  注意：1．每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；
  只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。
  
      Fang Tong is 34 years old，an actor，director and teacher of Beijing Opera Theatre.Most of his students are from other part of China and have come to Beijing at a very young age of sixteen or seventeen.He hopes create an environment for his students that it is much more relaxing than the one he used to study in.He thought that an actor should relax himself when performing.Yet his students deep respect him and he never needs to raise his voice in order to be hearing.For his opinion，actors should go on even when they feel they have made a mistake in their performance.Because the moment is already gone but people can never be back to it.So art is always changing and developing.
  組卷：0引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

第二節(jié) 書(shū)面表達(dá)（滿(mǎn)分25分）

• 9．假定你是李華，一名高三學(xué)生。你的美國(guó)網(wǎng)友Mike來(lái)信詢(xún)問(wèn)你及家人是如何應(yīng)對(duì)新型冠狀病毒以及它帶來(lái)的改變和你的感受。請(qǐng)給對(duì)方寫(xiě)一封回信.
  要點(diǎn)：1．寫(xiě)信目的；2．措施和改變；3．你的感受。
  注意：1．詞數(shù)100左右；2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。
  參考詞匯：the novel coronavirus n.新型冠狀病毒；mask n.口罩
  Dear Mike，
  ______
  組卷：1引用：1難度：0.5

  解析