2021-2022學(xué)年廣東省深圳市新安中學(xué)（集團(tuán)）高三（上）期末英語試卷

第一部分 閱讀理解 （共兩節(jié)，滿分37.5分）第一節(jié) （共4小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

• 1．Entering adulthood is an important step in everyone's life.It means that a young person must soon leave childishness behind and start to shoulder grown-up responsibilities.
     In Germany，"Jugendfeier" is a coming-of-age ceremony for 14-year-olds.They go to school to prepare for the occasion，studying topics，such as cultural respect and social responsibility，which will help them become worthy citizens.The hope is that the young people taking part in the ceremony will take on these values for themselves.
     In Latin America，"quinceanera" is a celebration for girls on their 15th birthday，marking a girl's entry into womanhood.In the past， "quinceanera" was intended to ready girls for marriage and they were taught cooking，sewing，and other household skills in preparation.Today，it's similar to how one's 18th birthday is considered an important day in other cultures.
     In India，the sacred thread ceremony is performed when a boy is grown-up.He is given three sacred threads representing three promises he makes：to respect knowledge，to respect his parents and to respect society.After the ceremony，the child，traditionally，leaves his family to live with a Guru （teacher）.At this point the boy becomes "twice-born" - first his physical birth，and second his intellectual birth through a teacher's care.
     In Vanuatu，young boys come of age by jumping off a 98-foot-tall tower with a bungee-like rope tied to their ankles，just barely preventing them from hitting the ground.At the ceremony，the diver's mother will hold something representing his childhood，and after the jump the item will be thrown away，representing the end of childhood.He is now a man，ready to protect the family.
  
  （1）What is the shared expectation of the four coming-of-age ceremonies？

  
  A．Having respect for knowledge.
  B．Getting ready to raise a family.
  C．Developing a sense of responsibility.
  D．Acquiring cross-cultural awareness.
  （2）Which app might appeal to people entering adulthood in Germany？

  
  A. B. C. D.
  （3）In which place are things with special meanings given to the young attendants？

  
  A．Germany.
  B．India.
  C．Latin America.
  D．Vanuatu.
  組卷：5引用：2難度：0.7

  解析

• 2．As I wash dishes at the kitchen sink，my husband，Scott，paces behind me，annoyed. "Have you seen my keys？" he asks.In the past I would have turned off the tap and joined the hunt while trying to comfort my husband.But that only made him angrier.Now，I focus on the wet dish in my hands.I don't turn around.I don't say a word.I'm using a technique I learned from a dolphin trainer.
     For a book I was writing about animal trainers' school，I started spending my days watching professional trainers do the seemingly impossible：teaching dogs to dance on command and chimps to skateboard.Eventually it hit me that the same techniques might work on that stubborn but lovable species，the American husband.The central lesson I learned is that I should reward behaviour I like and ignore behaviour I don't.After all，you don't get a sea lion to balance a ball on the end of its nose by talking.The same goes for the American husband.
     I began thanking Scott if he threw one dirty shirt into the laundry basket.If he threw in two，I'd kiss him.I was using what trainers call "approximations"，rewarding the small steps toward learning a whole new behaviour.With Scott the husband，I began to praise every small act every time：if he drove just a mile an hour slower，or was on time for anything.
     I followed the students to Sea World San Diego，where a dolphin trainer introduced me to Least Reinforcing Scenario（L.R.S.）.When a dolphin does something wrong，the trainer doesn't respond in any way.The idea is that any response，positive or negative，fuels a behaviour.If a behaviour causes no response，it typically dies away.It was only a matter of time before he was again searching for his keys，at which point I said nothing and kept at what I was doing.It took a lot of discipline to maintain my calm，but results were immediate.I felt as if I should throw him a small fish.
  
  （1）What can we infer about the writer？

  
  A．She treats her husband like animals.
  B．She often quarrels with her husband.
  C．She behaves differently to her husband.
  D．She's determined to learn from the dolphin.
  （2）How did the writer get the idea of treating her husband？

  
  A．By rewarding her husband.
  B．By writing a book on animals.
  C．By focusing on washing the dishes.
  D．By watching professional training.
  （3）What will happen if the trainer doesn't respond to the dolphin's mistake？

  
  A．It will forget the mistake.
  B．It will feel embarrassed.
  C．It will remember its mistake.
  D．It will repeat the wrong action.
  （4）What is the tone of the text？

  
  A．Serious.
  B．Humorous.
  C．Aggressive.
  D．Doubtful.
  組卷：7引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

• 3．In gardens across Britain the grass has stopped growing，which is not drought-stricken.In fact，it is greener and cleaner than ever before.That is because the lawns（草坪） are actually artificial substitutes.
     Britons are fascinated by lawns.Country estates（莊園）have long competed to have the most perfectly cut and polished grassland. "What you're saying in big loud capital letters，is 'I'm so terribly wealthy'，" says Fiona Davison of the RHS（皇家園林協(xié)會(huì)）.With the coming of grass-cutting machines in 1830，the middle classes joined the fun.
     But now Britons have fallen in love with artificial grass.Evergreens UK，which sells the stuff，says it has seen a 120% rise in sales since 2015.Artificial grass is popular with families who have children or dogs and don't want mud dragged through their houses.It has another charm factor，too - people now see gardens as "outside rooms" - pairing carpets of artificial grass with delicately decorated seating and hot containers.
     Not everyone is a fan.Artificial grass contains microplastics that ruin soil and risk flooding.A study finds earthworms gain 14% less body weight when operating under rubber，a form of artificial grass，which might not be a problem for its fans，as wormholes are regular disgusting things，but it disappoints green types.Ms Davison says a group of wildlife-loving gardeners is blooming，many having caught the bug during COVID-19 lockdowns.For example，a landscape designer says they like things less neat and try "to capture that wild element".These eco-gardeners are influenced by rewilding projects and are more likely to be environmentalists.
     While three written documents signed by many people have tried to stop artificial grass spreading，the government says regulating what people do in their backyards is wrong.The RHS is concerned about artificial grass，but prefers persuasion to laws. "We say 'Let a hundred flowers bloom'，" says Ms Davison.
  
  （1）What can be inferred from Davison's remark in Paragraph 2？

  
  A．She is very rich.
  B．High-quality grassland is valued.
  C．Operating a cutting machine is fun.
  D．The gardening competition is fierce.
  （2）What possibly contributes to the popularity of artificial grass？

  
  A．Messy grasslands.
  B．Gardens' new function.
  C．Advertising campaigns.
  D．Ill-mannered children and dogs.
  （3）What can replace the underlined phrase "caught the bug" in Paragraph 4？

  
  A．got infected.
  B．lost their temper.
  C．became depressed.
  D．develop the passion.
  （4）Which of the following is a suitable title of the text？

  
  A．The Barrier of British Grassland
  B．The Appeal of Grassland for Britons
  C．The Fight to Define the Great British Garden
  D．The Competition to Become the Best Grassland
  組卷：11引用：1難度：0.6

  解析

第三部分 寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分15分）第一節(jié) 應(yīng)用文寫作 （滿分15分）

• 8．你校英語校報(bào)正在組織以"特別的寒假"為題的英文征文比賽。請(qǐng)你以高三學(xué)生的身份投稿，內(nèi)容包括：
  1.分析形勢(shì)：疫情當(dāng)前、高考在即；
  2.發(fā)出倡議：就地過年、備戰(zhàn)高考。
  注意：
  1.詞數(shù)80左右，標(biāo)題不計(jì)入字?jǐn)?shù)；
  2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)。
  參考詞匯：COVID-19 新冠肺炎；pandemic 疫情
  A Unique Winter Holiday
                                    
  組卷：8引用：2難度：0.3

  解析

第二節(jié) 故事續(xù)寫（滿分25分）

• 9．閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)所給情節(jié)進(jìn)行續(xù)寫，使之構(gòu)成一個(gè)完整的故事。
      Two men，both seriously ill，occupied the same hospital room.One man called Ben was allowed to sit up in his bed for an hour each afternoon to help drain the fluid from his lungs.His bed was next to the room's only window.The other man，Leo，had to spend all his time flat on his back.
      The men talked for hours on end.They spoke of their wives and families，their homes，their jobs，their involvement in the military service，where they had been on vacation.
      And every afternoon when Ben sit up，he would pass the time by describing to his roommate all the things he could see outside the window.Leo began to live for those one-hour periods where his world would be broadened and lightened by all the activity and color of the world outside.
      The window overlooked a park with a lovely lake.Ducks and swans played on the water while children sailed their model boats.Young lovers walked arm in arm amidst flowers of every color of the rainbow.Grand old trees graced the landscape，and a fine view of the city skyline could be seen in the distance.As Ben described all this in exquisite detail，Leo would close his eyes and imagine the picturesque scene.
      One warm afternoon Ben sit up with his elbows and described a parade passing by.Although Leo couldn't hear the band - he could see it in his mind's eye as the gentleman by the window portrayed it with descriptive words.Each time the nurse saw the warm and touching scene，she was always struck by devoted friendship between these two men.Days and weeks passed.
  注意：1.所續(xù)寫短文的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；
  2.至少使用5個(gè)短文中標(biāo)有下劃線的關(guān)鍵詞語；
  3.續(xù)寫部分分為兩段，每段的開頭語已為你寫好；
  4.續(xù)寫完成后，請(qǐng)用下劃線標(biāo)出你所使用的關(guān)鍵詞語。
  One morning，the nurse arrived to check the two men，only to find the lifeless body of Ben.
  However，he could see nothing but a blank wall of another building.
  組卷：4引用：1難度：0.6

  解析