人教版（2019）必修2《Unit 4 History and Traditions》2020年單元測(cè)試卷（A卷基礎(chǔ)卷）

第一部分 閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié) （共15題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑．

• 1．My parents influenced us with the concepts of family，faith and patriotism when I was young．Even though we struggled to make ends meet，they stressed how fortunate we were to live in a great country with limitless opportunities．
     I got my first real job when I was ten．My dad，Benjamin，injured his back working in a cardboard - box factory and was retrained as a hairstylist．He rented space in a little mall and gave his shop the fancy name of Mr．Ben's Coiffure．
     The owner of the shopping center gave Dad a discount on his rent for cleaning the parking lot three nights a week，which meant getting up at 3 a．m．．To pick up trash，Dad used a little machine that looked like a lawn mower．Mom and I emptied garbage cans and picked up litter by hand．It took two to three hours to clean the lot．I'd sleep in the car on the way home．I did this for two years，but the lessons I learned have lasted a lifetime，I acquired discipline and a strong work morality，and learned at an early age the importance of balancing life's competing interests---in my case，school，homework and a job．This really helped during my senior year of high school，when I worked 40 hours a week flipping hamburgers，at a fast - food joint while taking a full load of college - prep courses． The hard work paid off．I attended the U．S．Military Academy and went on to receive graduate degree in law and business from Harvard．Later，I joined a big Los Agnates law firm and was elected to the California state assembly．In these jobs and in everything else I've done，I have never forgotten those nights in the parking lot．The experience taught me that there is dignity in all work and that if people are working to provide for themselves and their families，that is something we should honor．
  
  （1）In order to get a discount on rent，

  ．
  A．his father had to work as a hairstylist
  B．his father had to work in a cardboard - box factory
  C．they had to clean the parking lot three nights a week
  D．his father had to pick up litter by hand three hours a day
  （2）Which of the following is NOT true of the author？

  
  A．He got the graduate degrees from Harvard．
  B．He took a college - prep courses at high school．
  C．He took a part-time job during his senior year．
  D．He regretted having worked in the parking lot．
  （3）What does the underlined sentence "The hard work paid off" mean？

  
  A．The author got a high pay by working hard．
  B．The author compounded of the hard work．
  C．The effort which he made had no affection．
  D．The hard work was worthwhile for the author．
  （4）We can learn from the text that

  ．
  A．it is unimaginable for a child to help his family
  B．it is honored to work for one's family as a member
  C．it is unnecessary to keep work rules
  D．the harder the work is，the more interest one shows
  組卷：5引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

• 2．Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years，but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going．When the world was still populated by huntergatherers，small，tightly knit（聯(lián)系） groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other．Some language experts believe that 10，000 years ago，when the world had just five to ten million people，they spoke perhaps 12，000 languages between them．
     Soon afterwards，many of those people started settling down to become farmers，and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number．In recent centuries，trade，industrialization，the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education，especially globalization and better communications in the past few decades，all have caused many languages to disappear，and dominant languages such as English，Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over．
     At present，the world has about 6，800 languages．The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven．The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages，often spoken by many people，which hot，wet zones have lots，often spoken by small numbers．Europe has only around 200 languages；the Americas about 1，000；Africa 2，400；and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3，200，of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800．The median number（中位數(shù)） of speakers is a mere 6，000，which means that half the world's languages are spoken by fewer people than that．
     Already well over 400 of the total of 6，800 languages and close to extinction（消亡），with only a few elderly speakers left．Pick，at random，Busuu in Cameroon（eight remaining speakers），Chiapaneco in Mexico（150），Lipan Apache in the United States（two or three） or Wadjigu in Australia（one，with a question mark）：none of these seems to have much chance of survival．
  
  （1）What can we infer about languages in hunter-gatherer times？

  
  A．They developed very fast．
  B．They were large in number．
  C．They had similar patterns．
  D．They were closely connected．
  （2）Which of the following best explains "dominant" underlined in Paragraph 2？

  
  A．Complex．
  B．Advanced．
  C．Powerful．
  D．Modern．
  （3）How many languages are spoken by less than 6，000 people at present？

  
  A．About 6，800．
  B．About 3，400．
  C．About 2，400．
  D．About 1，200．
  （4）What is the main idea of the text？

  
  A．New languages will be created．
  B．People's lifestyles are reflected in languages．
  C．Human development results in fewer languages．
  D．Geography determines language evolution．
  組卷：12引用：1難度：0.7

  解析

• 3．Margaret Bourke-White was one of the leading news reporters of the 20th century．But she did not write news．She told her stories with a camera．Margaret Bourke-White began her career as an industrial photographer in the early 1930s．In 1936，she accepted the American publisher Henry Luce's invitation and went to his magazine，called Life，and later another magazine called Fortune．
     In the 1930s，Margaret Bourke-White met the American writer Erskine Caldwell．They decided to produce a book about poor country people of the South．They traveled through eight states．Their book，You Have Seen Their Faces，was published in 1937．It was a great success．
     In 1938，some countries in Europe were close to war．Margaret Bourke-White and Caldwell went there to report on these events．The next year they got married．
     During the World War Two，she became an official photographer with the United States Army．Her photographs were to be used jointly by the military（軍隊(duì)） and by Life magazine．She was the first woman to be permitted to work at the front during World War Two．
     After the war，she went to India and took a famous photograph of Mohandas Gandhi called "Gandhi at His Spinning Wheel"．She was the last person to photograph Gandhi before he was murdered in 1948．
     Often，Margaret Bourke-White was not satisfied with what she had done．She would look at her pictures and see something she had failed to do，or something she had not done right．Reaching perfection was not easy．Many things got in the way of her work．She said， "There is only one moment when a picture is there．And a moment later，it is gone forever．My memory is full of those pictures that were lost．"
  
  （1）Margaret Bourke-White

  ．
  A．did very well in writing news
  B．reported news by taking pictures
  C．focused on industrial news as a reporter
  D．began her career by working for Fortune
  （2）Margaret Bourke-White married Erskine Caldwell

  ．
  A．in 1936
  B．in 1937
  C．in 1938
  D．in 1939
  （3）It can be inferred from the passage that in World War Two，

  ．
  A．no woman was allowed at the war front before Margaret Bourke-White
  B．Margaret Bourke-White gave up her job in Life magazine
  C．Margaret Bourke-White became the only official U．S．Army photographer
  D．Margaret Bourke-White was murdered after she photographed Gandhi
  （4）We can know from the last paragraph that Margaret Bourke-White

  ．
  A．didn't think her career was successful
  B．regretted having been a photographer
  C．a(chǎn)lways tried to make her pictures perfect
  D．felt proud of her contribution to photography
  組卷：18引用：1難度：0.6

  解析

第三部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分15分）第一節(jié) （滿分15分）

• 8．假設(shè)你是李華，你的英國(guó)朋友Peter來信向你咨詢?nèi)绾尾拍軐W(xué)好中文．請(qǐng)根據(jù)下列要求寫封回信．
  要點(diǎn)：
  1．參加中文學(xué)習(xí)班； 2． 看中文書刊、電視；
  3．學(xué)唱中文歌曲； 4． 交中國(guó)朋友．
  注意：
  1．詞數(shù)120左右；
  2．可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；
  Dear Peter，
  ________
  Yours，
  Li Hua
  組卷：41引用：10難度：0.7

  解析

第二節(jié)（滿分25分）

• 9．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文．續(xù)寫的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右．
      It was summer，and my dad wanted to treat me to a vacation like never before．He decided to take me on a trip to the Wild West．
      We took a plane to Albuquerque，a big city in the state of New Mexico．We reached Albuquerque in the late afternoon． Uncle Paul，my dad's friend，picked us up from the airport and drove us up to his farm in Pecos．
      His wife Tina cooked us a delicious dinner and we got to know his sons Ryan and Kyle．My dad and I spent the night in the guestroom of the farm house listening to the frogs and water rolling down the river nearby．Very early in the morning，Uncle Paul woke us up to have breakfast． "The day starts at dawn on my farm，" he said．After breakfast，I went to help Aunt Tina feedthe chickens，while my dad went with Uncle Paul to take the sheep out to graze（吃草）．I was impressed to see my dad and Uncle Paul riding horses．They looked really cool．
      In the afternoon，I asked Uncle Paul if I could take a horse ride，and he said yes，as long as my dad went with me．I wasn't going to take a horse ride by myself anyway．So，my dad and I put on our new cowboy hats，got on our horses，and headed slowly towards the mountains． "Don't be late for supper，" Uncle Paul cried， "and keep to the track so that you don't get lost!" "OK!" my dad cried back．After a while Uncle Paul and his farm house were out of sight．It was so peaceful and quiet and the colors of the brown rocks，the deep green pine trees，and the late afternoon sun mixed to create a magic scene．It looked like a beautiful woven （編織的） blanket spread out upon the ground just for us．
  注意：
  1．所續(xù)寫短文的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；
  2．至少使用5個(gè)短文中標(biāo)有下劃線的關(guān)鍵詞語；
  3．續(xù)寫部分分為兩段，每段的開頭語已為你寫好；
  4．續(xù)寫完成后，請(qǐng)用下劃線標(biāo)出你所使用的關(guān)鍵詞語．
  Paragraph 1：
      Suddenly a little rabbit jumped out in front of my horse．--------
  Paragraph 2：
      We had no idea where we were and it got dark．--------
  組卷：9引用：1難度：0.5

  解析