2022-2023學(xué)年江蘇省南京市建鄴區(qū)金陵中學(xué)河西分校高二（上）期末英語(yǔ)試卷

閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50.0分）

• 1．Each year，Boston University proudly celebrates the very best in academics，innovation，and teaching through the awarding of University-wide honors and in our support of applicants for prestigious （有聲望的） national scholarships.The following showcase the growing list of opportunities and resources Boston University makes available to students to assist them in research，scholarship and their continued pursuit of excellence.
     Harold C．Case scholarship
     The Harold C．Case scholarship is offered to outstanding Boston University juniors for support of their senior year.Case scholarships recognize scholarly achievements as well as extracurricular activities that contribute to the University.
      Scholarship recipients （領(lǐng)受者） receive between ﹩1，000 and full tuition depending on financial need.Funds can only be applied to undergraduate study.In most application cycles 10-12 recipients are selected.
     Dean Elsbeth Melville scholarship
     The Dean Elsbeth Melille scholarship was established in 1978 to honor Dean Melville's "splendid and varied contribution" to the education and lives of women at Boston University.Only two scholarships are awarded each year to top-ranked women in the junior class.
     Scholarship recipients receive a minimum of ﹩1，000 depending on financial need.Funds can only be applied to undergraduate study.
     Clare Boothe Luce undergraduate scholarships
     The Clare Boothe Luce program of the Henry Luce Foundation supports a limited number of Undergraduate Scholarships for women students in the fields of the physical and life sciences，mathematics，engineering，and computer science.
     Provost's scholars award
     The Provost's scholars awards celebrate the achievements of students who have demonstrated their willingness in their first two years of college to stretch themselves intellectually （智力上），to push beyond what they already know they can do，to take significant risks by pursuing the unknown and unpredictable - in short，to demonstrate the spirit of a true scholar at a research university.
     Up to 20 awards are given per year，each carrying ﹩1000 of funding for research/creative activity expenses such as travel to conferences and archives （檔案館） or for research-related equipment and supplies.
  
  （1）What do the Harold C．Case scholarship and the Dean Elsbeth Melville scholarship have in common？

  
  A．Both are in honor of outstanding women.
  B．Both can only be applied to undergraduate study.
  C．Both are offered to 10-12 recipients each year.
  D．Both carry a maximum of ﹩1，000 of funding.
  （2）Which of the following scholarships is specifically for female students studying engineering？

  
  A．Dean Elsbeth Melville scholarship.
  B．Clare Boothe Luce undergraduate scholarships.
  C．Provost's scholars award.
  D．Harold C．Case scholarship.
  （3）What can Provost's scholars award winners do with the funding？

  
  A．Buy research-related supplies.
  B．Travel to scenic spots.
  C．Build archives.
  D．Pay tuition fees.
  組卷：5引用：2難度：0.5

  解析

• 2．I stare at the row of jars filled with my parents' homemade tomato sauce.Every time I wonder： "Should I really use one？" I have been saving these jars like precious treasures.No matter how hard I try to find something instead，nothing compares.Store-bought sauces？It just doesn't taste right.It doesn't taste like home.
     During the tomato season，all my family were a lot busier than usual.My parents would use the basement as an area for letting the tomatoes they had collected locally ripen.Like the other Italian families in the area，we would then take them to the garage when they were ripe enough.There they were cleaned and boiled.Once stewed （燉），whole tomatoes were passed through my father's homemade machine used to separate the sauce from the skins.Jars at the ready，we filled them with sauce and seasoning.They would then be lined up and ready to use.
     My parents would make more than just sauce every fall.I loved it when they would season all the pork sausage.We would fry the meat，tasting it before making the separate sausages.My parents expertly hand-tied the sausages while I would poke （戳） them all over.These were my family's traditions.
     These traditions were hard to maintain when my father got ill.After being diagnosed with cancer in 2019，he spent most of his time in hospital.In September that year he came home，on the same weekend we decided to continue the tradition.I have glorious （美好的） memories of that day as they once again made the sauce.It was a beautiful but short-lived moment.My father died soon after.
     Every time I go to reach for one of the jars，something stops me.My mother，ever practical，was visiting us recently and just stared at them. "You should use these or they will go to waste."
     What will it feel like to use that last jar？It would mean the end of an era（時(shí)代）.Who knows？Maybe it's time to bring new traditions to life.
  
  （1）Why does the author attach so great importance to the jars containing the tomato sauce？

  
  A．The recipe is unique.
  B．The sauce is delicious.
  C．It reminds him of home.
  D．It took great patience to make it.
  （2）What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about？

  
  A．The time spent making tomato sauce.
  B．The differences between homemade and store-bought sauces.
  C．The rules of selecting tomatoes to make sauce.
  D．The procedure for making tomato sauce.
  （3）What is the author's mother like？

  
  A．Kind.
  B．Polite.
  C．Enthusiastic.
  D．Down-to-earth.
  （4）What is the purpose of writing the passage？

  
  A．To recall his family traditions of the past.
  B．To show his respect for his late father.
  C．To introduce his family traditions.
  D．To complain about his tough past experience.
  組卷：3引用：4難度：0.5

  解析

• 3．Making a deer out of paper without cutting or using glue sounds impossible.But for Du Jialei，paper can be folded into anything.There is no limit to his imagination.
     Du，23，an architecture major from Shanghai University，won third place at the ninth International Origami Internet Olympiad （IOIO，國(guó)際折紙奧林匹克） .Founded by Russian origami master Andrey Elmakov in 2011，the event is seen as the ultimate（最終的） challenge to prove their origami skills.
     "I was very excited.But it is a pity that I was edged out by a narrow margin of 0.4 points，" Du said.
     Du discovered his interest in folding paper in his childhood.It was when Du went to college in 2017 that he had enough time to take the hobby seriously.He learned folding online，and later he copied patterns from books.He spent almost three years improving his basic skills by making copies of other artists' designs before making his own original creations.
     As a minor art form in China，the public may have a bias（偏見(jiàn)） against it，Du said. "I felt misunderstood as people around me thought that I was wasting time on an easy and simple thing，"he added.But actually，folding paper is not easy at all. ―It is an art requiring a lot of theoretical knowledge including geometry （幾何學(xué)） and materials science，‖ Du said.
     In the competition，Du completed an original artwork，which scored the highest among all of his 14 works.He added a nautilus （鸚鵡螺） and a sailing ship，which respectively（分別）represent the concepts（觀念） of creativity and trying for something.
     For Du，folding paper developed his ability to pay attention to both the bigger picture and the details.In his mentor（導(dǎo)師） 's eyes，Du is a logical young man. "More importantly，he is creative as he has been challenging himself to make original works，" said Pei.
  
  （1）Which of the following can you learn from the passage？

  
  A．A nautilus represents the concepts of creativity.
  B．Du can't make a deer out of paper only with his hands.
  C．Du felt extremely satisfied about the result of the competition.
  D．The original artwork earned the highest scores among all the participants' works.
  （2）Which is right about origami from the text？

  
  A．It originated from Russia.
  B．The IOIO started in 2017.
  C．It combines science and art.
  D．It's a popular art form in China.
  （3）How did Du improve his basic origami skills？

  
  A．He kept making his own original works.
  B．He watched a TV program about origami.
  C．He took a relevant optional course in college.
  D．He practiced copying other artists' designs.
  （4）What benefits Du by folding paper？

  
  A．It deepens his love for architecture.
  B．It allows him to make many new friends.
  C．It helps improve his academic performance.
  D．It improves his ability to consider more carefully.
  組卷：1引用：3難度：0.5

  解析

• 4．The movie Moonfall follows the story of a mysterious force knocking the moon from its orbit.Although it's just a Hollywood movie，is there any fact behind the fiction （虛構(gòu)的事）？Would it be possible to change the moon's orbit around Earth？
     One way for the orbit of an object in space to change would be if it were hit by another object.
     This risk is one area of focus for NASA's Center for Near-Earth Object Studies （CNEOS）.CNEOS identifies and tracks near-Earth objects （NEOs），such as asteroids （小行星） and comets （彗星）.They then determine whether the object creates a threat to Earth，the moon，or other neighbors.
     Size is a significant factor when determining the risk created by an object from space.If the impact of an asteroid could affect the moon's orbit，the asteroid "would have to be at least as big as the moon itself"，Paul Chodas，manager of NASA's NEO office，told Live Science.
     Due to the size of the moon， "it would have to be a huge object that would have to hit it at high speed"，he added.Because of the incredibly low chance of an object the size of the moon wandering into our solar system，it can therefore be determined that the chance of the moon's orbit changing enough for it to hit Earth is minuscule.
     Viewers of the night sky are convinced that the moon isn't going anywhere anytime soon.However，although it's unlikely to ever hit our planet，the moon still has an impact on life on Earth.A study from NASA states that the moon's orbit is likely to begin "wobbling （搖晃）" sometime in the 2030s.This is a natural event that occurs every 18 years.
     This period will see tides （潮汐） around the world "amplified （放大）：High tides get higher，and low tides get lower"，which creates a risk to coastal cities around the globe，according to NASA．
  
  （1）What do we know about NEOs from the text？

  
  A．Some of them create the risk of impact.
  B．They are objects in orbit around Earth.
  C．They are at least as large as the moon.
  D．They are asteroids in the solar system.
  （2）What can we learn from paragraph 4 and 5？

  
  A．There is no chance of the moon hitting Earth.
  B．many objects larger than the moon are wandering into our solar system.
  C．High speed is vital factor determining the danger from an object from space.
  D．Size plays a small role when judging the threat from an object from space.
  （3）What does the underlined word "minuscule" most probably mean in paragraph 6？

  
  A．Tiny.
  B．Dangerous.
  C．Difficult.
  D．Unpredictable.
  （4）What does the article mainly discuss？

  
  A．The moon's impact on life on Earth.
  B．The possibility of the moon hitting Earth.
  C．Possible ways to change the moon's orbit.
  D．The potential dangers of near Earth objects.
  組卷：5引用：3難度：0.5

  解析

• 5．Sportsmanship isn't just about shaking hands after the game.It's about helping young athletes enjoy the spirit of competition，deal with adversity. （1）

  Character is a word that gets used often，but its true meaning may be hard to explain to a young mind. （2）

  By raising standards early，an athlete can both give and expect mutual respect during their course of competition.
     One way to teach the idea of sportsmanship is to let the athlete know that they should do their personal best and to treat teammates and opponents in the same fashion they wish to be treated. （3）

  It also helps them off the field as well.
     It's important to the young athlete to understand that for as many victories as they hope to have，they must face losing if they're going to play their sport.An effective method is to have a young athlete pick out well-known popular athletes，particularly in their sport or sports of interest，and look up their statistics. （4）

  
     （5）

  Practice and skill building should be offset by times of goofing off （偷懶），perhaps practicing with crazy costumes or with fun music，and not coaching in the traditional sense.This one little thing can do wonders in reminding the athlete not to take anything too seriously and to have fun doing what they have chosen to participate in.
  
  A．Sports are designed to be enjoyable.
  B．Having sports is a course of sweat and tears.
  C．Sport is a matter of failure and success to some degree.
  D．It's ultimately a choice to hold oneself to a higher standard.
  E．This age-old idea will help them become a respected competitor.
  F．Here are tips to young players' sportsmanship and prepare them for their future life.
  G．Knowing professional athletes have faced defeat can teach the young competitor to face loss graciously.
  組卷：3引用：4難度：0.5

  解析

語(yǔ)言應(yīng)用（共三節(jié)，滿分30分）

• 6．Ye Ziyi，a young 32-year-old Beijinger，becomes the first Chinese winner of the International Earth and Sky Photo Contest.She has （1）

  to more than 40 countries to capture the （2）

  of the starry sky with her camera.
     Before becoming a photographer，Ye had a（3）

  job in an advertising company.But her （4）

  to astronomy made her decide to become a full-time photographer.However，making a（5）

  out of her hobby has not been easy，but she has never （6）

  pursuing her dream，and she hopes more people will be able to （7）

  the power of nature and pay more attention to the issue of light pollution （8）

  her works.
     The purest view of the sky is always （9）

  in the corners of the world and star seekers need to overcome a lot of （10）

  including suffering unpredictable weather，climbing high mountains and knowing how to avoid being （11）

  by wild animals.
     To get good （12）

  of the Milky Way，she once went to Nam Co Lake in Xizang alone at 2：00 am while the temperature was -5℃.While taking her photos， （13）

  ，Mother Nature suddenly grew changeable and the clear night sky suddenly clouded over and brought two storms.The next day she（14）

  from severe high-altitude diseases.But when she looked at the beautiful Milky Way photos she took，she felt it was all （15）

  .
  
  

  （1）	A．escaped	B．gathered	C．traveled	D．a(chǎn)dvanced
  （2）	A．beauty	B．a(chǎn)dventure	C．life	D．color
  （3）	A．tough	B．well-paid	C．dead-end	D．troublesome
  （4）	A．kindness	B．justice	C．friendship	D．devotion
  （5）	A．technique	B．style	C．career	D．process
  （6）	A．imagined	B．regretted	C．waited	D．promised
  （7）	A．realize	B．a(chǎn)dmit	C．expect	D．ignore
  （8）	A．instead of	B．a(chǎn)s for	C．a(chǎn)part from	D．due to
  （9）	A．shown	B．buried	C．hidden	D．kept
  （10）	A．competitions	B．challenges	C．conflicts	D．conversations
  （11）	A．discovered	B．watched	C．searched	D．a(chǎn)ttacked
  （12）	A．pictures	B．notes	C．diaries	D．chances
  （13）	A．otherwise	B．therefore	C．however	D．meanwhile
  （14）	A．borrowed	B．suffered	C．recovered	D．learned
  （15）	A．worthwhile	B．convenient	C．unfortunate	D．expensive
  組卷：7引用：6難度：0.5

  解析

• 7．閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
      The late physicist and author Prof Stephen Hawking has caused controversy （爭(zhēng)議） by suggesting that a new race of super-humans could develop from wealthy people （1）

  （choose） to edit their and their （2）

  （child） DNA.
      Hawking made the predictions in （3）

  collection of articles and essays. "I am sure that during this century，people （4）

  （discover） how to modify both intelligence and instincts （天性），" he wrote. "Laws will probably be passed against （5）

  （gene） engineering with humans，but some people won't be able to resist the temptation （誘惑） to improve human characteristics such as memory， （6）

  （resist） to disease and length of life."
      However，questions have been raised about whether parents would risk （7）

  （use） such techniques for fear that the enhancements would have side （8）

  （effect）.
      The astronomer Lord Rees， （9）

  was a friend of Hawking at Cambridge University but often disagreed with his peer，noted a sperm （精子） bank in California offering only "elite" sperm including from Nobel prize winners，had closed due to lack （10）

  demand.
  組卷：7引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

根據(jù)提示寫(xiě)出單的的適當(dāng)形式（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）

• 22．The window had been replaced last week during routine

  （maintain）.
  組卷：21引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

寫(xiě)作 （滿分 25分）

• 23．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
       "I wish my mother had a ring like those the ladies wear at the hotel，" said Hiram Green to himself one day.Hiram was the son of a fisherman，but the fisherman had died when Hiram was a little boy.Hiram's mother took on sewing work to earn money to support herself and her son.He helped her when he could out of school hours，and during vacation time.He had two uncles who had taught him how to catch shrimps.With the money he earned by selling them he could buy things for his own use or pleasure.He had a "bank" almost full of what he called his "shrimp money."
      The sight of the flashing diamonds on the hands of some of the summer visitors at the fishing village in which he lived had added a new article to the list of beautiful things his mother would own someday.He had heard that just one single diamond was sometimes worth five hundred dollars or more.This had discouraged him very much.
      But one day，he happened to pass a shop in the neighboring town and saw a number of diamond rings displayed in the window.He stopped fascinated，and pressed his face against the glass eagerly to see if any prices were marked upon them.Imagine his surprise when he saw upon the largest one a tag marked 4.75.He looked again to see if he had made a mistake.Perhaps it was 475.But no，he knew enough about figures to sec that he was right the first time
      He went home as fast as he could，and ran up into his bedroom.Then，he opened his "bank" and counted its contents. "Three dollars and twenty-two cents cried. "I'll have that ring before another week.Hiram worked early and late for the next few days.He caught more shrimps than he had ever caught in the same length of time，and sold them readily.
  
  注意：
  （1）續(xù)寫(xiě)詞數(shù)應(yīng)為 150 左右；
  （2）請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。
      At the end of the week he had the Sum he desired.
  ______
       Years after，Hiram learned what he had bought was in fact only glass.
  ______
  組卷：3引用：2難度：0.5

  解析