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An old saw has it that there is nothing new under the sun.But it may still come as a surprise that human beings aren't alone in having invented vaccination (疫苗接種).Work published by Gyan Harwood of the University of Illinois confirms that honeybees got there first.It also suggests they run the vaccination programmes like humans.
   One discovery in 2015 is that queen bees vaccinate their eggs by transferring into them antigens (抗原) which start the development of a protective immune response.But that observation raises the question of how the queen receives her antigen supply in the first place,for she lives only on royal jelly (蜂王漿) produced by worker bees who act as nurses to baby bees.Dr.Harwood therefore wondered if the nurses obtain the antigens while eating nectar (花蜜) .
   To test this idea,he cooperated with Heli Salmela.Together,they collected about 150 nurse bees and divided them among six queenless hives (蜂巢) with baby bees to look after.Instead of nectar,they fed the nurses on sugar-water,and for three of the hives they mixed the sugar-water with a bacterium that causes a hive-killing disease.
   In this case,to stop such an infection happening,Dr Harwood and Dr Salmela heat-treated the bacteria to kill them in advance.They also labeled the dead bacteria with a fluorescent dye (熒光染料) to make them easy to track.And,the result showed that pathogens (病原體) were getting into royal jelly produced by those nurse bees.
   All told that nurse bees are indeed,through their royal jelly,passing antigens on to the queen,and then to the eggs.Meanwhile,after they hatch,the eggs receive antigens from the nurses as well,thus being vaccinated twice.

(1)In which section of a newspaper can we find this text?
A
A

A.Science.
B.Education.
C.Geography.
D.Medicine.
(2)What does Dr.Harwood in paragraph 2 put forward?
A
A

A.An assumption.
B.A suggestion.
C.A theory.
D.A fact.
(3)Why were the nurse bees fed on sugar-water instead of nectar?
B
B

A.To stop infections happening.
B.To find out the antigen supply.
C.To produce bacteria.
D.To offer another food choice.
(4)Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text?
D
D

A.Nurse Bees Invent Vaccination
B.Queen Bees Vaccinate Their Eggs
C.Honeybees Popularize Vaccination
D.Honeybees Run Vaccination Programme

【考點】科普知識;說明文
【答案】A;A;B;D
【解答】
【點評】
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發(fā)布:2024/5/27 14:0:0組卷:3引用:2難度:0.5
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