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Your biology teacher may insist that science is not a laughing matter，but scientists would argue that laughter is a scientific matter.These scientists have found a basic difference in how men and women laugh.
   Jo-Anne Bachorowski and her research team recorded the laughter of 97 volunteers.The volunteers watched clips（電影片段） from funny movies.The scientists were surprised at the variety of sounds people made when they laughed.Rarely did they hear sounds that we stereotype as laughter such as "tee hee hee" or "ho ho ho." More often they heard vowel （元音） sounds such as those heard in "car" （aah） or "glow" （ooh）.What's more，women tended to laugh in a more sing-song way，while men more often grunted （發(fā)出哼聲）.
   The researchers caution that this work was limited to people in the United States，so the results may not be universal.Bachorowski predicts that cultural influences may affect what causes people to laugh，but it probably does not change how we laugh.
   Although we do laugh at jokes and funny movies，80% of our laughter occurs during everyday comments in everyday social situations.Robert Provine，a neuroscientist who studies laughter，went to places such as shopping malls and collected more than 1，200 conversations.He found that the person speaking laughed 46% more than the listeners and that women laughed more often than men.Furthermore，the response to the speaker depended on the speaker's gender.People，whether male or female，laughed more readily in response to a male speaker.The researchers also observed that laughter rarely interrupted speech.Instead，laughter came at the end of a phrase，much like punctuation following a written sentence.
   Humans may be "tuned（使協(xié)調(diào)）" for laughter much in the same way that songbirds are "tuned" for song — especially their own specific family song.Certain nerve cells （神經(jīng)細(xì)胞） in the songbird's brain "fire" in response to hearing his song.Perhaps humans have specialized nerve cells that respond to laughter.After all，laughter is a specialized vocalization，and we are "tuned" to respond to vocalizations in language.

（1）How did Bachorowski's team do their research？
D
D

A．By studying how people laugh globally.
B．By analyzing cultural influences on humans' laughter.
C．By observing everyday conversations in shopping malls.
D．By studying sounds made by volunteers in response to funny movies.
（2）What did Bachorowski's team find？
A
A

A．Men and women laugh differently.
B．Vowel sounds are rarely heard in laughter.
C．Cultural influences determine how people laugh.
D．People think jokes are funnier than comedy movies.
（3）Which of the following agrees with Provine's finding？
D
D

A．Men laugh more often than women.
B．Listeners laugh more often than speakers.
C．Laughter may easily interrupt a conversation.
D．Male speakers make people laugh more easily.
（4）Why does the author mention songbirds in the last paragraph？
C
C

A．To describe how birds laugh.
B．To praise the beautiful songs they sing.
C．To explain how humans' laughter works.
D．To show that laughter also exists among animals.

【考點(diǎn)】科技；說(shuō)明文．

【答案】D；A；D；C

【解答】

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】

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發(fā)布：2024/5/23 20:38:36組卷：16引用：1難度：0.3

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1．"There are more people actively learning a language through DuoLingo than in the entire US public school system." says Luis von Ahn，founder of the free language learning app.Since its launch（投放市場(chǎng)） in 2012，more than 30 million people have downloaded（下載）the app，which gamified education and attracted many language learners.
   The growth of technology for educational use has changed the way in which people learn and receive education.This is particularly true for languages，an area in which the explosion of mobile apps and interactive software has provided choices to a range of people who were previously unable to receive foreign language education.
   Von Ahn says that when he founded DuoLingo he decided to find a way for people to learn a language for free.Free use of languages was something he had a personal interest in addressing：he grew up in Guatemala，where he was surrounded by people all trying to learn English，half of whom were failing to do so and a lot of whom could not afford it.
   One of the big changes caused by tech is the change in language learners.Languages have long been connected with the rich people，but now people from less rich backgrounds are finding affordable ways to learn.
   Von Ahn says an unexpected result of DuoLingo being an app is that it's attracting an unlikely type of user.DuoLingo was designed（設(shè)計(jì)）to be like a game，and what the company has found is that many users aren't even necessarily diehard language fans，they're just looking for an educational way to kill some time.
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（1）What can we say about DuoLingo after its launch？

A．It is used by entire US schools.
B．It costs 30 dollars to download.
C．It changes the use of languages.
D．It makes education more enjoyable.
（2）Why does the author mention Von Ahn in paragraph 3？

A．To show his poverty in childhood.
B．To explain why he founded the app.
C．To prove he was interested in the app.
D．To find out how he designed the app.
（3）What change does DuoLingo bring to language learners？

A．They can master a language faster.
B．They become language fans totally.
C．They can learn in a low-cost way.
D．They can now use it to kill some time.
（4）Which of the following can be the best title for the text？

A．Reasons for Learning a Language
B．How to Learn a Language Online
C．The Development of a Language App
D．Mastering a Language with DuoLingo
發(fā)布：2024/10/31 3:30:1組卷：22引用：4難度：0.3
解析
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    Monitoring on their own
    A smart glass greenhouse used to grow tomatoes features more than 120 patented technologies.Located in Shandong，the demonstration base covers' about 80，000 square meters but requires very few workers.
    Sensors collect information about the plants，such as the humidity（濕度）of the environment，the condition of sunlight and heat，and whether the room is ventilated（通風(fēng)）enough. It is then uploaded to a platform to be analyzed.The correct levels of water and fertilizer are supplied to crops by the automatic irrigation system，Robots and other devices are used to pick and transport tomatoes.
    With facilities to store heat，the structure does not use huge amounts of energy in winter，unlike traditional greenhouses. "Growing crops in a controlled environment enables farmers to produce high-quality plants，maintain high food safety standards，and avoid the use of pesticides，" Wang Haiguang at the operations office of the greenhouse said.

（1）How do the drones play a part in farming？

A．Spread the seeds.
B．Work at high altitudes.
C．Improve the working efficiency.
D．Provide early warning in wheat fields.
（2）What does "It" underlined in paragraph 4 refer to？

A．The information.
B．The sensor.
C．The humidity.
D．The robot.
（3）With the help of the advanced technology，farmers can enjoy many benefits EXCEPT

.
A．a(chǎn)pplying big data platform
B．a(chǎn)voiding the use of pesticides
C．producing high-quality plants
D．using huge amounts of energy in winter
（4）Where is the text most likely to come from？

A．A book on eating habits.
B．A magazine about high-tech agriculture.
C．An article on the introduction to drones.
D．An environmental conservation booklet.
發(fā)布：2024/7/27 8:0:9組卷：2引用：1難度：0.5
解析
3．Our solar system might be crazier than we once thought.Scientists say that deep within Uranus（天王星） and Neptune（海王星）it rains diamonds.
   On Earth，diamonds form under extreme heat and pressure.The inside of Uranus and Neptune also has high temperatures and pressures.What's more，the blue planets are largely made up of icy water and gases such as methane（甲烷）.
   So scientists have long believed that deep inside the two planets，the heat and pressure turn the methane into hydrogen（氫）and carbon（碳）.Then diamond rain would form，falling toward the center of the planets.
   But no one could prove that this would really work-until now.In a study published recently in the journal Nature Astronomy，scientists say they were able to create this kind of "diamond rain" in a lab，reported The Guardian.
   Scientists used high-powered lasers to create pairs of shockwaves through a kind of plastic.The plastic is made from hydrogen and carbon，much like methane.The shockwaves created high pressure and heat，like that inside Uranus and Neptune.
   "The experimental time is very short，" Dominik Kraus，lead author of the study，told The Guardian. "That we saw this very clear signature of diamonds was actually very，very surprising."
   The diamonds created in the lab were tiny，only a few nanometers（納米）wide.Scientists believe that diamonds would be much larger within Neptune and Uranus.Then they might slowly sink toward the planet's center because of gravity.

（1）What factors are needed to form diamonds？

A．Icy water and gases.
B．Hydrogen and carbon.
C．Extreme heat and pressure.
D．High-powered lasers.
（2）What does the underlined word mean in the last paragraph？

A．Unsuccessful.
B．Natural.
C．Real.
D．Small.
（3）How did scientists prove the theory of forming diamond？

A．By giving examples.
B．By doing experiments.
C．By explaining statistical data.
D．By stating argument.
（4）What can be referred from the text？

A．There are many high-powered lasers in Neptune and Uranus.
B．Scientists long believe that there are diamonds inside Neptune and Uranus.
C．The shockwaves inside Neptune and Uranus crate high pressure and heat.
D．Deep inside Neptune and Uranus could be full of diamonds.
發(fā)布：2024/9/19 9:0:8組卷：5引用：2難度：0.5
解析

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