人教版（2019）必修第一冊《Unit 4 Natural disasters》2021年單元測試卷（5）

第一部分 閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分20分）第一節(jié)（共3小題，每小題10分，滿分20分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。

• 1．Fire Prevention Information The University of Adelaide employs a full-time staff of fire prevention professionals.They inspect all campus buildings and test and maintain all sprinkler（噴水滅火裝置）systems fire alarms and fire extinguishers（滅火器）.They also provide educational programs or fire safety in the residence hall.Whenever you move to a new area，you should locate the fire alarm pull stations and the two exits nearest your room.
     Fire Alarms
     The floors of all campus buildings are equipped with manual（手動的）fire alarm systems which include fire alarm pull stations and pipes.Most are also equipped with automatic fire alarm systems consisting of heat detectors，smoke detectors and sprinklers.For your safety，never tamper with（胡亂擺弄）these systems.False fire alarms are illegal and may lead to imprisonment.
     Fire Drills
     A fire drill will be conducted in your residence hall every semester.During a fire drill，please do the following：
     ?Take your room key and ID，close and lock the door to your room.
     ?Exit immediately from the nearest emergency exit do not use a lift.
     ?Meet outside of your residence hall and wait for further instructions.
     Fire Extinguishers
     Fire extinguishers are located on each floor and in each apartment.Use a fire extinguisher only if you have been trained to do so.Irresponsible use of a fire extinguisher can create a dangerous situation for other residents and could result in damage to personal property.
     Misuse of a fire extinguisher will result in fines.
     Smoke Detector
     A smoke detector is on the ceiling in your room.Some buildings also have heat detectors on the ceilings.Do the following to ensure the safe operation of your smoke detector：
     ?If your smoke detector is working properly，the red light should be on.If the red light is not blinking（閃動），contact residence hall staff immediately.
     ?Do not cover or block your smoke detector in any way.
     ?If a smoke detector sets off an alarm and there is no fire or smoke，inform your hall staff.
  
  （1）What is the main duty of the fire prevention professionals？

  
  A．To provide part-time jobs for students.
  B．To lead the students to the nearest exits.
  C．To check and maintain fire prevention equipment.
  D．To train teachers to be fire prevention professionals.
  （2）What do the automatic fire alarm systems include？

  
  A．Pipes and smoke detectors.
  B．Smoke detectors and sprinklers.
  C．Fire alarm pull stations and pipes.
  D．Sprinklers and fire alarm pull stations
  （3）In a fire drill，the students should

  .
  A．rush quickly to a lift
  B．gather at the nearest exit
  C．shut the door and leave at once
  D．wait for instructions in the hall
  （4）What do we know about the use of fire extinguishers？

  
  A．Using them wrongly results in punishment.
  B．Irresponsible use of them can damage them.
  C．Improper use of them can destroy the apartment.
  D．Using them without a trainer present is forbidden.
  （5）To ensure the safe operation of the smoke detector，one should

  .
  A．contact the hall staff regularly
  B．cover the things that burn easily
  C．start the smoke detector in a fire
  D．make certain the red light is working
  組卷：12引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

• 2．Natural disasters take many different forms and can happen without warning.Earthquakes，floods，volcanoes，droughts，typhoons，and hurricanes are all natural disasters.
     The earthquake of 26 December 2004 resulted in one of the worst natural disasters in living memory.It was a massive underwater quake and occurred in the Indian Ocean.This caused a huge tsunami（海嘯）to cross the Indian Ocean.It destroyed coastlines and communities and brought death and destruction to many people.The survivors needed fresh water，food and shelter as well as medical help.People from all over the world gave money.
     The surface of the Earth has not always looked as it does today；it is moving continuously（although very slowly）and has done so for billions of years.This is one cause of earthquakes，when one section of the Earth crashes with another.Scientists can predict where this might happen and the area between plates is called a fault line.However，earthquakes do not always happen on Fault lines，which is why they are so dangerous and unpredictable.
     All the disasters are very dangerous and continue to kill thousands of people each year，but they are nowhere near the most dangerous disaster to ever happen on earth.One type of event in the earth's history has regularly killed millions of beings：asteroid（小行星）impacts（撞擊）.About once every million years the Earth is hit by a piece of rock and ice from space large enough to cause massive destruction（including earthquakes，volcanoes and ice ages）and sometimes to kill entire species.Sixty-five million years ago more than half the earth's species were killed by such a disaster，including all the dinosaurs（恐龍）.Disasters on the Earth may seem dangerous，but the biggest threat to humans is likely to come from space.
  
  （1）What did the world do when the tsunami occurred in the Indian Ocean？

  
  A．They gave away money to the beggars.
  B．They sponsored to help the people survive.
  C．They donated their possessions to the survivors.
  D．They helped rebuild the coastlines and communities.
  （2）What can scientists predict about earthquakes？

  
  A．The possible time.
  B．The possible climate.
  C．The possible place.
  D．The possible frequency.
  （3）Where does the author think the most dangerous natural disaster will come from？

  
  A．Space.
  B．Earth.
  C．Humans.
  D．Wild animals.
  組卷：17引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

• 3．The World Wildlife Fund for Nature - WWF - reports that nearly 3 billion animals were killed or displaced by Australia's wildfires in 2019 and 2020.The number，reported in late July，was about three times higher than an earlier WWF estimate. "It ranks as one of the worst wildlife disasters in modern history，" said WWF - Australia Chief Executive officer Dermot O' Gorman.
     The WWF said it used different methods to estimate wildlife populations，including information from over 100，000 studies.The scientists created models to estimate the number of creatures found in areas destroyed by fire.Project leader Lily Van Eeden from the University of Sydney said the research was the first continent - wide examination of animals affected by wildfires. "Other nations can build upon this research to improve understanding of bushfire impacts everywhere，" she said.
     Those creatures that fled destroyed habitats faced a lack of food and shelter or the likelihood of moving into already occupied habitats.Researchers said the destruction will cause some species to become extinct before their existence is even recorded. "We don't even know what we are losing，" said Chris Dickman，a professor of ecology at the University of Sydney. "These were species that were here and now they have gone...It's almost too tragic to think about，" Dickman added.
     The WWF report calls for improvements in habitat connectivity to help species escape from fires.It also calls for identifying and protecting habitat that was not burned to help save threatened species.An expanded report on the study is expected later this year.
     The wildfires started in September 2019 and continued through March of this year.Scientists say the fires were fueled by higher than normal temperatures and years of drought in the Australian bush.The fires caused 34 human deaths and destroyed nearly 3，000 homes.The WWF said that over the past year，it had raised money from donors to allocate emergency aid to the front lines of the fires to help injured and displaced wildlife.
  
  （1）What do we know about Australia's wildfires in 2019 and 2020？

  
  A．They were the worst disasters in history.
  B．Over 3 billion animals died in the wildfires.
  C．They caused more damage than calculated earlier.
  D．Most animals moved to already occupied habitats.
  （2）What can be inferred from the last paragraph？

  
  A．The wildfires last a whole year.
  B．The wildfires were caused by the heat.
  C．The wildfires also cause damages to humans.
  D．The wildfires were soon under control with donations.
  組卷：15引用：1難度：0.7

  解析

第二節(jié)（共1小題，每小題10分，滿分10分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

• 4．Earthquake can strike without warning.But many injuries and deaths from this kind of natural disaster can be prevented if people follow these safety tips.
     If you're inside a building，stay there!One of the most dangerous things to do in an earthquake is to try to leave a building.（1）

  Drop to the ground.Get under an object that is not easily damaged.Hold on to it until the shaking stops.You can also get to a comer formed by two walls with your arms over your hand.If you're in bed when the quake hits，stay there and protect your head with a pillow.
  （2）

  Don't take shelter under a tree，streetlights，electric poles or tall buildings.If you are driving，stop as quickly as possible and stay away from overpasses，buildings，bridges or anything else that might fall or collapse beneath you.（3）

  
     If you are trapped in ruins，cover your mouth with a handkerchief or a piece of clothing.Use your cell phone to call for help if possible.Don't shout.（4）

  Tap on a pipe or the wall so rescuers can find you.
     Be prepared for aftershocks.（5）

  However，sometimes they even happen months later.Therefore，if you are not in a safe position after the first shock，you should move quickly but carefully to a safer place.
  
  A.Don't move about or kick up dust.
  B.If you're outside，go to an open space.
  C.Shouting can cause you to breathe in dust.
  D.Don't park your car under a tree or any tall object.
  E.Take a good hold of your cell phone in the building.
  F.They can happen in the first hours after the earthquake.
  G.Most injuries happen when people inside buildings try to go out.
  組卷：20引用：1難度：0.6

  解析

第二部分 語言運用（共三節(jié)，滿分15分）第一節(jié)（共1小題，每小題15分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。

• 5．After work one day，I grabbed a pizza for dinner at the mall.As I was heading home，I saw a girl sitting in a corner of the mall.Her hair covered her face and her body was（1）

  .I determined to walk past her because that's what we often do.But something made me turn（2）

  .I learned her age，and why she begged for money and lived on the streets.Her parents（3）

  years ago and she suffered from a serious skin disease.She was（4）

  to work because of her disability and had to live in the safest place she could（5）

  .She had stayed in shelters in the past，but was treated（6）

  .She had to seek shelter from the mall to keep（7）

  on cold days，but she said even the mall wasn't safe because security（保安）always threw her out.
     I'm one of those people who used to believe there was a system of support to help her.Ideally，I would like to believe in that.I used to think maybe one day I would（8）

  "them".Maybe one day I would win the lottery（彩票）.But when I（9）

  that girl，I thought to my self，what if no one ever helped her？What if this so called perfect system that I believed in didn't even know or（10）

  her existence（存在）？What if I didn't（11）

  any money？What if she was not going to be around long enough to（12）

  that "one day"？
     I didn't really think about what happened next.I（13）

  my dinner with her and gave her all the money I had.When security came，I talked them into assisting her（14）

  driving her away like they usually did.
     Don't（15）

  one day to come before you help someone.Now is that one day—not tomorrow，not next week.If you can do something to ease someone else's suffering，don't wait for that distant one day.Be the one day.Be it now.
  
  

  （1）	A．hot	B．heavy	C．weak	D．wet
  （2）	A．over	B．back	C．a(chǎn)way	D．up
  （3）	A．returned	B．removed	C．quarreled	D．died
  （4）	A．eager	B．ready	C．unable	D．curious
  （5）	A．build	B．discover	C．expect	D．remember
  （6）	A．terribly	B．normally	C．carefully	D．patiently
  （7）	A．calm	B．wealthy	C．warm	D．secret
  （8）	A．respect	B．watch	C．help	D．encourage
  （9）	A．a(chǎn)ccepted	B．introduced	C．persuaded	D．noticed
  （10）	A．care about	B．talk about	C．write about	D．a(chǎn)rgue about
  （11）	A．lose	B．lend	C．win	D．waste
  （12）	A．a(chǎn)dmit	B．imagine	C．choose	D．see
  （13）	A．cooked	B．shared	C．ordered	D．prepared
  （14）	A．a(chǎn)long with	B．a(chǎn)s for	C．except for	D．instead of
  （15）	A．worry about	B．laugh at	C．wait for	D．begin with
  組卷：58引用：2難度：0.5

  解析

第二節(jié)（共1小題，每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內單詞的正確形式。

• 6．Strange things were happening in the countryside of Hebei province，（1）

  suggested that something terrible was on its way.For several days，the water in the village wells rose and fell，rose and fell.Farmers didn't know the reason（2）

  their dogs refused to go inside buildings.Unfortunately，the city's one million people（3）

  were asleep as usual suffered a lot from the following unexpected disaster.
      At 3：42 am，a terrible earthquake（4）

  nearly one third of the whole nation felt hit Tangshan.Two thirds of the people（5）

  lived there were dead or injured.Thousands of children（6）

  parents died in the earthquake were left homeless.Everywhere survivors looked，there was nothing but ruins.But hope was not lost.Soon after the quakes，the army sent 150，000 soldiers to the area（7）

  the disaster happened to dig out those（8）

  were trapped and to bury the dead.
      The whole nation will never forget the day，28 July 1976，（9）

  Tangshan lay in ruins.Soon after that，（10）

  is known to all，Tangshan started to revive itself and get back on its feet.The revival of Tangshan proved to the world that in times of disaster，people must unify to rebuild for a brighter future.
  組卷：37引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

第三部分 書面表達（共兩節(jié)，滿分15分）第一節(jié) 應用文寫作（共1小題，滿分15分）

• 17．假定你是李華，最近獲悉你的美國網(wǎng)友Peter家鄉(xiāng)受到颶風（hurricane）侵襲，損失慘重．請你用英語給Peter寫一封慰問信．信的內容包括：
  1．得知情況及感受；
  2．表達安慰和鼓勵；
  3．打算提供的幫助．
  注意：1．詞數(shù)100左右；
  2．可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫．
  組卷：47引用：4難度：0.5

  解析

第二節(jié)讀后續(xù)寫（共1小題，滿分25分）

• 18．閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)所給情節(jié)進行續(xù)寫，使之構成一個完整的故事。
      An 80-year-old man was sitting on the sofa in his house along with his 45-year-old highly educated son.Suddenly a crow（烏鴉）perched（棲息）on their window.
      The father asked his son， "What is this？" The son replied， "It is a crow."
      After a few minutes，the father asked his son for the second time，"What is this？" The son said，"Father，I have just now told you，it's a crow!"
      After a little while，the old father again asked his son for the third time， "What is this？"
      At this time some expression of irritation（惱怒）was felt in the son's tone when he said to his father with a rebuff（生硬回絕）. "It's a crow，a crow." A little while later，the father again asked his son the fourth time，"What is this？"
      This time，the son shouted at his father，"Why do you keep asking me the same question again and again，although I have told you so many times 'IT IS A CROW'.Are you not able to understand this？"
      A little while later the father went to his room and came back with an old tattered（發(fā)皺的）diary，which he had maintained since his son was born.On opening a page，he asked his son to read that page.When the son read it，the following words were written in the diary：
      "Today my little son aged three was sitting with me on the sofa，when a crow was sitting on the window.My son asked me 23 times what it was，and I replied to him all 23 times that it was a crow.I hugged him lovingly each time he asked me the same question.I did not at all feel irritated but I rather felt affection for my innocent son."
  注意：
  1.所續(xù)寫短文的詞數(shù)應為150左右；2.續(xù)寫部分分為兩段，每段的開頭語已為你寫好。
  Paragraph 1：
  After reading the diary，____________
    Paragraph 2：
  Feeling ashamed，the son got down on his knees before his father._______________
  組卷：48引用：2難度：0.2

  解析