2022-2023學年上海市行知中學高三（上）期末英語試卷

Grammar and Vocabulary （每題 1 分；共 20 分）

• 1．Directions：After reading the passage below，fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word，fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word；for the other blanks，use one word that best fits each blank.
  Video Games Foster Creativity？ Video games that foster creative freedom can increase creativity under certain conditions，according to new research from Iowa State University.The experimental study compared the effect f playing Mine-craft，with or without instruction，to watching a TV show or playing a race video game.Those（1）

  （give） the freedom to play Mine-craft without instruction were most creative.
      "It's not just that Mine-craft can help induce creativity.There seems to be something about choosing to do it that also matters，" said Douglas Gentile，a professor of psychology.
  （2）

  you are not familiar with the game，Gentile says Mine-craft is like a virtual Lego world.The game，which has sold more than 100 million copies，allows players to explore unique worlds and create anything they can imagine.Study participants randomly assigned to play Mine-craft were split into two groups.The one receiving instruction was told to play as creatively as possible.
      After 40 minutes of play or watching TV，the 352 participants completed several creativity tasks.（3）

  （measure） creative production，they were asked to draw a creature from a world much different than Earth.More human like creature scored low for creativity and those less human-like scored high.Surprisingly，those instructed to be creative while playing Mine-craft were the （4）

  （creative）.
      Gentile says there's no clear explanation for this finding.In the paper published by Creativity Research Journal，he，Jorge Blanco-Hrrera，lead author and former master's student in psychology：and Jeffrey Rokkum，former Ph.D.student in psychology，outlined possible reasons why the instructed Mine-craft group scored lower.Blanco-Herrera says the instructions may have changed subjects' motivation for play.
  "（5）

  （tell） to be creative may have actually limited their options while playing，resulting in a less creative experience，" Blanco-Herrera said. "It's also possible they used all their 'creative juices' while playing and had （6）

  left when it came time to complete the test."
      Video games can have both harmful and beneficial effects.Gentile's previous research has shown the amount，content and context and video games （7）

  （influence） what players learn through repeated experiences. （8）

  much of Gentile's research has focused on aggression or pro-social behavior，he says the same appears to be true for creativity.
      Most video games encourage players to practice some level of creativity.For example，players may create a character and story for role-playing games or be rewarded for creative strategies in competitive games.The researchers say even first-person shooter games （9）

  potentially inspire creativity as players think about strategy and look for advantages in combat.
      "The research is starting to tell a more interesting，nuanced picture.Our results are similar to other gaming research （10）

  you get better at what you practice，but how you practice might matter just as much， " Gentile said.
  組卷：15引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

Section B

• 2．Directions：Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box.Each word can be used only once.Note that there is one word more than you need.
  

  A.spare B.respectable C.exhaust.D.accidental.E.designed.F.critics G.advocates H.mine I.commercially J.relieving K.theoretically

  Major companies are already in pursuit of commercial applications of the new biology.They dream of placing enzymes（酶）in the automobile to monitor （1）

  and send data on pollution to a microprocessor that will then adjust the engine.They speak of what The New York Times calls "Metal-hungry microbes（微生物）that might be used to（2）

  valuable trace metals from ocean water." They have already demanded and won the right to patent new life forms.
     Nervous （3）

  ，including many scientists，worry that there is corporate，national，international，and inter-scientific competition in the entire biotechnological field.They create images not of oil spills，but of "microbe spills"that could spread disease and destroy entire populations.The creation and （4）

  release of extremely poisonous microbes，however，is only one cause for alarm.Completely rational and （5）

  scientists are talking about possibilities that stagger（動搖）the imagination.
     Should we breed people with cow-like stomachs so they can digest grass and hay，thereby（6）

  the food problem by modifying us to eat lower down on the food chain？Should we biologically alter workers to fit the job requirement，for example，creating pilots with faster reaction time or assembly-line workers （7）

  to do our monotonous work for us？Should we use genetic forecasting to pre-eliminate"unfit" babies？Should we grow reserve organs for ourselves，each of us having，as it were，a "savings bank" full of （8）

  kidneys，livers or hands？
     Wild as these notions may sound，everyone has its （9）

  （and opposers） in the scientific community as well as its striking commercial application.As two critics of genetic engineering，Jeremy Rifkin and Ted Howard，state in their book Who Should Play God？ "Broad scale genetic engineering will probably be introduced to America much the same way as assembly lines，automobiles，vaccines，computers and all the other technologies.As each new genetic advance becomes（10）

  practical，a new consumer need will be exploited and a market for the new technology will be created."
  組卷：13引用：1難度：0.4

  解析

Reading Comprehension

• 3．Section A
  Directions：For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A，B，C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
  Deliberation is not always the best option
     Humans have developed over millions of years of evolution to respond to certain situations without thinking too hard.If your ancestors（1）

  movement in the undergrowth，they would run first and ask questions later.At the same time，the（2）

  to analyse and to plan is part of what distinguishes people from other animals.
     The question of when to trust your gut（直覺）and when to test your（3）

  —whether to think fast or slow，in the language of Daniel Kahneman，a psychologist—（4）

  in the office as much as it does in the savannah（大草原）.
     Deliberative thinking is the feature of a well-managed workplace.Strategic changes and budget discussions are built on rounds of meetings，memos，formulas and presentations.Processes are increasingly designed to（5）

  instinctive responses.From blind screening of job applicants to using "red-teaming" techniques to pick apart a firm's plans，precision（6）

  instinct.
     Yet instinct also has its place.Some decisions are more connected to emotional responses and inherently（固有的）less（7）

  to analysis.Does a marketing campaign capture the（8）

  of your company，say，or would this person work well with other people in a team？In（9）

  customer-service situations，intuition is often a better guide to how to behave than a script.
     Gut instincts can also be（10）

  .Plenty of research has shown that intuition becomes more unfailing with experience.In one well-known experiment，conducted in 2012，volunteers were asked to（11）

  whether a selection of designer handbags were fake or real.Some were instructed to operate on instinct and others to deliberate over their decision.Intuition worked better for those who owned at least three designer handbags；indeed，it（12）

  analysis.The more expert you become，the better your instincts tend to be.
  （13）

  ，the real reason to embrace fast thinking is that it is，well，fast.Instinctive decision-making is often the only way to get through the day.Researchers at Cornell University once estimated that people make over 200 decisions a day about food alone.The workplace is（14）

  but a succession of choices，a few big and many small：what to（15）

  ，when to intervene，whom to avoid in the lifts and，now，where to work each day.
  
  

  （1）	A．uncovered	B．spotted	C．blocked	D．encountered
  （2）	A．capacity	B．motive	C．reluctance	D．urge
  （3）	A．consultation	B．a(chǎn)nticipation	C．a(chǎn)ssumptions	D．reaction
  （4）	A．integrates	B．matters	C．works	D．a(chǎn)buses
  （5）	A．bring out	B．pick out	C．make out	D．stamp out
  （6）	A．equals	B．comprises	C．beats	D．boosts
  （7）	A．manageable	B．a(chǎn)daptable	C．familiar	D．sensitive
  （8）	A．a(chǎn)ttention	B．opportunity	C．status	D．essence
  （9）	A．rough	B．tough	C．nervous	D．neutral
  （10）	A．improved	B．copied	C．transferred	D．weakened
  （11）	A．ensure	B．extinguish	C．clarify	D．a(chǎn)ssess
  （12）	A．undertook	B．outperformed	C．facilitated	D．paralleled
  （13）	A．Likewise	B．However	C．Consequently	D．Moreover
  （14）	A．a(chǎn)nything	B．something	C．nothing	D．everything
  （15）	A．cooperate	B．prioritize	C．convince	D．strive
  組卷：17引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

Section B

• 4．Directions：Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A，B，C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
     I had always been one of those quiet boys who preferred dreams to the real world.I was，in addition，absurdly shy，and therefore often mistaken for a fool，which upset me deeply.For nothing terrified me more than the prospect of correcting a false impression.Though I was often blamed by mistakes made by my classmates，I never dare to say a word in self-defense.I would simply go home to hide in a corner and cry.My greatest pleasure was to sit alone，reading，and let my thoughts drift away in the stories.
     My daydreams were in sharp contrast to real life；they were full of adventures and heroic deeds. They left marks on me. There was，for instance，a book about the history of the Roman Empire，in which an ambassador，while negotiating a treaty，was told that he was to accept the terms offered，on pain of death：his response was to plunge his arm into a fire and continue with his deliberations，in absolute calm.Inspired by his courage，I proceeded to test my own powers of resilience by plunging my own hand into the fire，only to burn my fingers badly.I can still see that ambassador，smiling calmly through his pain.Father hated my reading all the time，and sometimes he threw away my books.Some nights he refused to let me turn on the light in my bedroom.But I could always find a way，and after he caught me reading by the light of a string-wick lamp，he gave up and left me to it.
     There was a time when I tried my hand at writing；indeed，I even made a few little poems，but I quickly abandoned my efforts.No matter what I had bottled up inside me，I was extremely anxious about letting it out，and so my adventures in writing ended.I did，however，carry on painting.There was，I thought，no risk of revealing anything personal.I just took something from the outside world and brought it to life on paper.Sometimes I did hide some personal expression in it，but I made sure that it was visible enough to be seen and trivial enough to be ignored.The first time I showed my painting to my father，he was caught in silence for a while and then he breathed deeply，and said：
     "My son finally made something." Then here I am，as a teacher at the Academy of Fine Arts，wondering how everything happened，from my daydreams to painting.
  
  （1）The sentence "They left marks on me." （in paragraph 2）means

  .
  A．daydreams did nothing but hurt the writer badly
  B．daydreams influenced the writer's behavior in real life
  C．the writer had lasting memory of the books he read
  D．the writer couldn't distinguish books form reality
  （2）The writer gave up writing because

  .
  A．it was not as interesting as reading
  B．he was too shy to reveal his inner world
  C．he couldn't write good works
  D．his father didn't like him writing
  （3）Throughout the passage what can we learn about the writer's father？

  
  A．He was impressed with his son's painting
  B．He didn't like the personality of his son.
  C．He was touched by his son's persistence in reading.
  D．He had a high expectation of his son in writing.
  （4）The passage is mainly about

  .
  A．the power of reading
  B．the writer's adventurous daydreams
  C．reflection on the start of a career
  D．the efforts made to be painter
  組卷：9引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

Translation

• 12．正是出門對這門手藝的熱情，他從沒想過放棄，即便學習過程令人怯步，練習后胳膊酸疼。（It） （漢譯英）
  組卷：14引用：3難度：0.5

  解析

Guided Writing （25 分）

• 13．Directions：Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
  假設(shè)你是明啟中學高三學生李明，最近在一本英語雜志上讀到一篇文章，作者認為"第一印象在人際交往中非常重要"，你對此話題很感興趣，寫一封郵件給該雜志"讀者來信"專欄，內(nèi)容須包括：
  1）你是否贊同作者的這一觀點；
  2）用具體事例說明你的觀點。
  組卷：3引用：3難度：0.5

  解析