191．A volcano is a geological landform usually caused by the eruption through a vent（火山口） in a planet's surface of magma（巖漿），molten rock welling up from the planet's interior.（1）
   A popular way of judging volcanoes goes by their frequency（頻率） of eruption.（2） Those that have erupted in historical times but are now quiet called dormant（休眠的） and those that have not erupted in historical times called extinct.
   （3） The lifespan of a volcano can vary from months to several million years，making such a distinction（辨別） sometimes meaningless when compared to the lifespans of humans or even civilisations.For example，many of the earth's volcanoes have erupted dozens of times in the past few thousand years but are not currently showing signs of eruption.Given the long lifespan of such volcanoes，they are very active.（4）
   Scientists usually consider a volcano active if it is currently erupting or showing signs of unrest，such as unusual earthquake activity or significant new gas emissions.（5）It is important to note that the span of recorded history differs from region to region.In the Mediterranean，recorded history reaches back more than 3，000 years but in the Pacific Northwest of the United States，it reaches back less than 300 years，and in Hawaii，little more than 200 years.The Smithsonian Global Volcanism programme's definition of "active" is having erupted within the last 10，000 years.

A.By our lifespans，however，they are not.
B.Those that erupt regularly called active.
C.One way of classifying volcanoes is by the type of material erupted.
D.Obviously，such eruptions tend to be destructive mainly in one direction.
E.Many scientists also consider a volcano active if it has erupted in historic time.
F.There is no real agreement among volcanologists on how to define an "active" volcano.
G.Volcanoes of various types are found on other planets and their moons as well as on the earth.

192．When he was young，Emmett Diggs liked nothing more than boxing.He even（1）a national prize in 1961.（2） at age 45，he wasn't able to move as usual.A doctor told him he had Parkinson's disease.At first，he thought nothing of it until one day while cleaning the floor on his hands and knees，he found that he couldn't get up without（3）.After that，he began to feel（4） and showed no interest in doing anything.It was the（5） period Emmett had experienced.
   One morning，Emmett's wife，Patty，shared with him a newspaper story about a man with Parkinson's disease who practiced a（6） training called Rock Steady Boxing（RSB），which（7）shadow boxing with strength training.
   So，Emmett decided to turn to John，the local program director，for help.When they first met，John（8） Emmett boxing gloves and let him take over a heavy bag.Just putting on the gloves brought wonderful（9） back for Emmett.When John said，"Hit the bag." Emmett did as he was told."It felt（10） as the bag was hitting back，" Emmett said excitedly.
   Soon，Emmett（11）a regular RSB class of a dozen people who were dealing with Parkinson's disease like him.Emmett's boxing skills impressed them all and soon they became friends.Over time，the class became something of a（n）（12） group in which they could share their pains and hopes.
   "I had thought Parkinson's disease was going to（13） everything that mattered to me，" Emmett has written."（14），it didn't change my love for boxing and gave me a（15） to know a new group of guys who are optimistic and supportive."

（1）	A．won	B．made	C．brought	D．lost
（2）	A．Gradually	B．Unfortunately	C．Secretly	D．Recently
（3）	A．question	B．permission	C．help	D．reason
（4）	A．delighted	B．a(chǎn)mazed	C．puzzled	D．disappointed
（5）	A．best	B．darkest	C．shortest	D．busiest
（6）	A．mental	B．social	C．physical	D．technical
（7）	A．compares	B．matches	C．confuses	D．combines
（8）	A．handed	B．bought	C．sold	D．sent
（9）	A．honours	B．stories	C．regrets	D．memories
（10）	A．difficult	B．great	C．soft	D．dangerous
（11）	A．left	B．taught	C．joined	D．missed
（12）	A．interest	B．pressure	C．support	D．rescue
（13）	A．take up	B．take away	C．put off	D．put out
（14）	A．Therefore	B．Besides	C．Instead	D．However
（15）	A．chance	B．hope	C．lesson	D．dream

193．personality / ?p?：s??n?l?ti /

194．The earthquake affected the students of the destroyed areas in many ways：losing parents，being scared and feeling lonely.How can we help them？A teens reporter talked with Lin Dan，the program director of the Sunshine in Your Heart Project at the Red Cross Society of China.
   How will the earthquake affect the teenagers mentally？
   They'll have feelings of fear，anger and feel they are not safe.They will find it hard to focus.They will tend to cry，shout and tremble.And they might be afraid to be alone.
   What will happen if they are not helped？
   The teenagers will find it hard to live in a balanced way.If things get worse，they might not be able to focus on their studies.They might give up on life.
   How can we help them overcome these problems？
   The first thing is to build up trust with them.Show your sympathy and sadness，and be their friend.Then you have to give them a sense of safety.Tell them that there's a solution to every problem.Thirdly，try to satisfy their psychological needs.Be a good listener if he or she needs to talk.
   Some of us were not directly affected by the quake but have seen images on TV and feel scared.What should we do？
   Talk with an adult or share your feelings with someone who might feel similar.If this doesn't help，then you should see a doctor for professional help.

（1）What's the best title of the passage？
A．The Scare Caused by the Earthquake
B．Dealing with the Pain Left Behind After the Earthquake
C．How to Get a Sense of Safety
D．The Psychological Needs
（2）The earthquake will affect the teenagers mentally.Which of the following statements is NOT included？

A．They'll tend to cry，shout and tremble.
B．They may be afraid to be alone.
C．They'll feel unsafe.
D．They'll feel sympathetic.
（3）The underlined word "psychological" in Paragraph 7 is closest in meaning to " ".
A．mental
B．physical
C．material
D．professional
（4）From the passage，we can infer that .
A．the scare caused by the earthquake can be relieved quickly
B．seeing a doctor is the most important measure to deal with the problems
C．the images on TV can also affect people and even cause problems
D．to help them overcome these problems，we should always talk with them

195．People visit other countries for （1）（vary） reasons.Some travel on business；others travel to visit interesting places （2） are only found in other countries，such as the Great Barrier Reef in Australia，the temples of Thailand，or the pyramids in Egypt.
    Wherever you go，and for whatever reason，it is important to make sure of your（3）（safe）.A tourist can attract a lot of attention from local people.While the majority of people you'll meet when（4）（travel） are sure to be friendly and welcoming，there are（5）（danger），theft being the most common.Just as in your home country，do not expect everyone you meet to be friendly and helpful.It is important（6） （prepare） for your trip in advance，and to be cautious while you travel.
    As you prepare for your trip，make sure you have the right paperwork.You don't want （7）（get） to your destination only to find you have the wrong visa，or worse.Also，make sure you travel with proper medical insurance，so that if you are sick（8） injured during your travel，you will be able to get（9）（treat）.If you want to drive while you are abroad，make sure you have（10） international driver's license.

196． 在……中間

197．When Michael Jordan's feet left the ground，time seemed to stand still.（It seemed that time stood still.）
仿寫：他點(diǎn)點(diǎn)頭，似乎掌握了這個(gè)用法（usage）。（用兩個(gè)句式）

198．It was with great sadness that we learned of his（die）．

199．One of the （volunteer） said that she enjoyed her work because she could see the smiling faces of children．

200．水是生命之源，但水資源短缺和水污染已成為世界最嚴(yán)重的資源環(huán)境問題之一，需要引起極大關(guān)注．假如你是李華，請(qǐng)你給 China Daily投稿，表達(dá)一名中學(xué)生對(duì)此問題的關(guān)心．要點(diǎn)如下：
1．世界人口增多，工農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展需要越來越多的水；
2．河流、湖泊污染嚴(yán)重；
3．全民動(dòng)員，保護(hù)水資源．
注意：
1．詞數(shù)120左右；
2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫．
Dear editor，